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    <p><strong><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">from: &nbsp;http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:MATH</span></strong></p>
<p><strong><span style="color: rgba(255, 0, 0, 1)">http://blog.csdn.net/anxiaoxi45/article/details/39449445</span></strong></p>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px">函数、符号及特殊字符</span></h2>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t1"></a><a name="t2" target="_blank"></a>声调</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bar{x}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/9/4/c947a5bcc06592f37f6b1c4f2ed57dea.png" alt="\bar{x}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\acute{\eta}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/f/f/8ff055145396a2ffefacea0b18ec3fda.png" alt="\acute{\eta}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\check{\alpha}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/c/4/ac4a31ee5874dc5044590eedae7a48c4.png" alt="\check{\alpha}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\grave{\eta}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/1/f/91f1cf98709ee5bd4380b05d04ce260a.png" alt="\grave{\eta}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\breve{a}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/5/58565c69fa6e895ea11e57ffdbe7d4cd.png" alt="\breve{a}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ddot{y}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/7/58779ff5e3932c43545a8d8114384dd6.png" alt="\ddot{y}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\dot{x}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/4/584bdd6bbf3b22901631c94c12f09332.png" alt="\dot{x}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\hat{\alpha}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/f/e/3fe9b211473065676e1b8048e21b9743.png" alt="\hat{\alpha}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\tilde{\iota}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/d/b/5db129ecac03423d19e453d9ada8a0e8.png" alt="\tilde{\iota}"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t2"></a><a name="t3" target="_blank"></a>函数</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sin\theta</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/9/3/09370ac60fb75f6555aad6ce6fa51284.png" alt="\sin\!\theta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\cos\theta</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/9/2/3922f2c5f59efde904a8e70433e3c014.png" alt="\cos\!\theta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\tan\theta</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/9/e/89eb6b1450d9b26d2071d1f64a567aa4.png" alt="\tan\!\theta"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\arcsin\frac{L}{r}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/9/c/59c47fbda47ed6da13841e777d49dd4e.png" alt="\arcsin\frac{L}{r}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\arccos\frac{T}{r}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/9/b/79bed5fd8aa7405d98f639dd1dfbb427.png" alt="\arccos\frac{T}{r}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\arctan\frac{L}{T}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/7/1/97143846d4543215119d569364979c2a.png" alt="\arctan\frac{L}{T}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sinh g</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/6/2/662b4f90832dea02dcee532c226df3bf.png" alt="\sinh\!g"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\cosh h</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/b/9/0b95b10be34e368fea4697a333f14c5d.png" alt="\cosh\!h"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\tanh i</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/7/7/d779acc41d8d9e1b708644807d2b61a1.png" alt="\tanh\!i"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\operatorname{sh}j</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/9/a/d9a5b98974c7360119bf868fc1c5c544.png" alt="\operatorname{sh}j"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\operatorname{argsh}k</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/4/4/c44c117b43a78dba43cbd0d47f9ae9e7.png" alt="\operatorname{argsh}k"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\operatorname{ch}h</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/b/e/9becb1baaf3ac62c35e5ecd33c689cee.png" alt="\operatorname{ch}h"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\operatorname{argch}l</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/1/3/e13362fecb2c9c535e6370bed2355f20.png" alt="\operatorname{argch}l"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\operatorname{th}i</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/1/4/8146bd5925b931e7ffe878c83762a945.png" alt="\operatorname{th}i"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\operatorname{argth}m</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/5/3/5536490854b0c2592644c44455cfd43a.png" alt="\operatorname{argth}m"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">k'(x)=\lim_{\Delta x\to 0}\frac{k(x)-k(x-\Delta x)}{\Deltax}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/3/5/a35afcec7be6f2e0e49964f3997eeac6.png" alt="k'(x)=\lim_{\Delta x\to0}\!\frac{k(x)-k(x-\Delta x)}{\Delta x}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\limsup S</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/3/a/c3ac735451511bdf8de1d5da58206a8a.png" alt="\limsup S"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\liminf I</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/8/5/f8508b1afb27fe30fd5be91984938df4.png" alt="\liminf I"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\max H</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/9/c/99ced9d4b2ceaa766c3c5d68bac86979.png" alt="\max\!H"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\min L</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/7/d/07ddfdd950e34d4440b5b67678ad8bfa.png" alt="\min\!L"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\inf s</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/4/8/7487ba38d7669bd75d98d64352f0e180.png" alt="\inf s"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sup t</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/5/3/653854c1aad8cfa165b5a8c39b5fb969.png" alt="\sup t"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\exp\!t</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/8/e/c8e52278a8bc8c608afa285f7c4c28df.png" alt="\exp\!t"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ln X</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/f/6/9f6784ddb3f4b9555612f1de74098116.png" alt="\ln\!X"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\lg X</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/2/6/3267adf708693ca43b8fc4dace597be0.png" alt="\lg\!X"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\log X</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/6/d/16d14ffacc5feb0b4f30de46aea931bf.png" alt="\log\!X"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\log_\alpha X</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/b/6/bb6db979b913638a0d0f30a4ac32bd42.png" alt="\log_\alpha\!X"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ker x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/a/0/ca051c4eda4d55ca99bd3b918bd7ead5.png" alt="\ker x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\deg x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/b/5/fb5d0a3b0f1fec9639c04e92b252fee0.png" alt="\deg\!x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\gcd(T,U,V,W,X)</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/d/8/ed810992e880412f54389f581b3e4f3c.png" alt="\!\gcd(T,U,V,W,X)"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Pr x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/f/1/1f1c9533b66b3af1a2540bfa41ca9dff.png" alt="\Pr x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\det x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/0/1/f011b7de0181e313c4e36293419bc4da.png" alt="\det\!x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\hom x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/1/9/919603d21a66d6909953cf095d8ce8c7.png" alt="\hom x"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\arg x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/2/8/428ef2e44e64d5de3773f591de3d5e06.png" alt="\arg x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\dim x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/1/b/f1b92c71934d2d660f68777740560aa9.png" alt="\dim x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\lim_{t\to n}T</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/a/b/7ab3a88998975fc6c02f395eb7a677cc.png" alt="\lim_{t\to n}T"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t3"></a><a name="t4" target="_blank"></a>同余</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\pmod{m}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/6/8/1680ea379fd6694b28ae04a34e77d8e6.png" alt="\pmod{m}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">a \bmod b</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/4/e/54efbc7c212108a4011e84c69cdd91f8.png" alt="a \bmod b"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t4"></a><a name="t5" target="_blank"></a>微分</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\nabla</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/e/3/fe3a83e41074834731743ab803cd4936.png" alt="\nabla"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\partial x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/8/d/28ddb3e82115d069796faf6356e2dbf6.png" alt="\partial x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\mathrm{d}x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/d/7/3d7524d2b2372a1188d73b20b9ba4b31.png" alt="\mathrm{d}x\ "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\dot x</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/a/b/3abf2ac2fcc14362b32b0411d43cbf48.png" alt="\dot x"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ddot y</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/d/2/0d23f3a6391ae79fac3f4b30ec914a84.png" alt="\ddot y"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t5"></a><a name="t6" target="_blank"></a>集合</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\forall</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/4/d/d4d49bead125261b226eaa867bd016ce.png" alt="\forall"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\exists</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/3/e/93ebe8636e1f8d60004fe33d1321674e.png" alt="\exists"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\empty</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/d/f/4df085f70a97244c977b6ff20b1952b4.png" alt="\empty"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\emptyset</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/d/f/4df085f70a97244c977b6ff20b1952b4.png" alt="\emptyset"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\varnothing</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/0/9/d096fc15d57854ec89d746709b02e52e.png" alt="\varnothing"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\in</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/c/2/8c20c78b364ed5dbadd49e5b997aa1cc.png" alt="\in"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ni</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/c/3/7c34bf8e7b41952d024ef2180330b308.png" alt="\ni"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\not\in</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/2/5/525f6840d78cdc4bcb177f06c7964022.png" alt="\not\in"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\notin</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/9/2/692614f72e231db0d2313050ac29e113.png" alt="\notin"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\subset</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/a/f/7afa88c2877d79e6a8a190b360edfcd6.png" alt="\subset"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\subseteq</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/0/7/a07903a0504f50f27e2a85c27e47fbd5.png" alt="\subseteq"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\supset</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/f/2/0f2c04f82a1eb8e3e371366214579f5b.png" alt="\supset"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\supseteq</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/5/f/55fef34436f901c3e488cbaa41050df8.png" alt="\supseteq"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\cap</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/7/8/e78f632038354aae583f795a73d4e6b8.png" alt="\cap"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigcap</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/d/f/ddf86464dcc2190258c76ddc1da7032a.png" alt="\bigcap"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\cup</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/3/2/432c1df69e11aba7c5c5070e7578609f.png" alt="\cup"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigcup</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/d/5/8d50523fd64ca129ae09c7ae73e1385f.png" alt="\bigcup"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\biguplus</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/0/2/902effd4844ae7dbd71f9f3cecec25f0.png" alt="\biguplus"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqsubset</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/2/2/f22614b2c39be672bfda11afddd15c18.png" alt="\sqsubset"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqsubseteq</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/1/b/b1be6c28d38e18390ea808e56c4e1d93.png" alt="\sqsubseteq"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqsupset</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/e/4/fe47401f278fa0892559bad5b9373ebe.png" alt="\sqsupset"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqsupseteq</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/9/a/09a87c18c45c26e284e6160bc344ebe9.png" alt="\sqsupseteq"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqcap</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/9/5/59553260bed5e399db651cf2a3f703cf.png" alt="\sqcap"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqcup</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/d/1/2d130618c4d29b0f1f52f248ff359341.png" alt="\sqcup"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigsqcup</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/f/6/bf60615860b12ad8b31cc27645fc5224.png" alt="\bigsqcup"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t6"></a><a name="t7" target="_blank"></a>逻辑</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">p</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/3/8/83878c91171338902e0fe0fb97a8c47a.png" alt="p"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\land</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/c/a/9cae4437756a15b8e44ec23e07fb1f65.png" alt="\land"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\wedge</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/b/a/1ba4f06f68614e5da79a8ebd378d532a.png" alt="\wedge"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigwedge</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/c/1/6c1357f344d79b14bbd6a43c112f36db.png" alt="\bigwedge"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bar{q} \to p</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/c/c/6cc8a80363dc8031c53a0f4ae4704c91.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \bar{q} \to p"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\lor</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/a/d/5addb134385e47a2efa484f6306e75a1.png" alt="\lor"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\vee</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/2/7/727ea4c8c49862411edae46adf506e3e.png" alt="\vee"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigvee</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/f/2/af2beebc69c64f6a9a59db61113e14a0.png" alt="\bigvee"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\lnot</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/e/f/8efca960b209402104b448a5ad9486a8.png" alt="\lnot"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\neg q</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/8/a/d8a41edda094745ef7850fe97ceaa5ca.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \neg q"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\setminus</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/7/d/17d233e7f25e7e6108e6e8135fc5bf65.png" alt="\setminus"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\smallsetminus</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/2/9/7290ff3fe4f3ef8927caf56dc3c2d131.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \smallsetminus"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t7"></a><a name="t8" target="_blank"></a>根号</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqrt{3}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/7/c/17c68e294ba0dc1356295bac633bf868.png" alt="\sqrt{3}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sqrt[n]{3}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/7/7/f77bdd840c6d77e25f5c88640bf0ffbf.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\sqrt[n]{3}"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t8"></a><a name="t9" target="_blank"></a>关系符号</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Delta ABC\sim\Delta XYZ</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/a/3/6a3e77cae79f0fdcc1727b5061411221.png" alt="\Delta ABC\sim\Delta XYZ\!"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\sqrt{3}\approx1.732050808\ldots</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/a/7/da73a49927110231f6021c6adb08a43d.png" alt="\sqrt{3}\approx1.732050808\ldots"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\simeq</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/e/3/8e3648e8286c414a11b8f10a833d5596.png" alt="\simeq"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\cong</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/1/6/f16a7bd80bb5648a755eb58221d03546.png" alt="\cong"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\dot=</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/0/1/e011dac23072797e8fc73cf575709782.png" alt="\dot="></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\ggg</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/b/7/fb7d1cf9a5e65f98089b6b2cb1570a3c.png" alt="\ggg"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\gg</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/3/e/33e3502dfbd3f875dcbdd2f9a40eedb4.png" alt="\gg"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>&gt;</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/1/4/114529aa81593e4dfb2279a9b594c779.png" alt=">\,"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\ge</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/f/b/8fbe2a506fe3db0835548e1b648ec977.png" alt="\ge"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\geqq</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/3/e/23e68b97e8ddf443cdeed5ce45e04abe.png" alt="\geqq"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>=</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/4/8/4488ba5f7e82e2d8c136b559d95283d5.png" alt="=\,"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\leq</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/9/d/49dc1443f33cf63082d6e193dd2af78f.png" alt="\leq"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\leqq</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/8/5/885f9db7c38c45758c0f7b07b823bc64.png" alt="\leqq"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>&lt;</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/1/6/0164cc2c31c906d9d775037410cc195c.png" alt="<\,"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\ll</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/4/3/9439146cc81e763e0563ccbbcb523314.png" alt="\ll"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\lll</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/e/8/4e8dc43a1f5be9ea3d8d27fdea882497.png" alt="\lll"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>(x-y)^2\equiv(-x+y)^2\equiv x^2-2xy+y^2</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/c/9/6c9a2bfd0d3b9a5a74f8682479733cf9.png" alt="(x-y)^2\equiv(-x+y)^2\equiv x^2-2xy+y^2"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{align}</code></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\because\begin{cases}</code></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\acute{a}x^2+bx^2+c\gtrless0\gtrless\grave{a}x^2+bx^2+c\\</code></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\acute{a}&gt;0&gt;\grave{a}</code></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\end{cases}\\</code></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\therefore\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4\acute{a}c}}{2\acute{a}}{}_\lessgtr^\gtrlessx_\lessgtr^\gtrless\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4\grave{a}c}}{2\grave{a}}</code></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\end{align}</code></span></p>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/1/0/8105aed2a6a0372d348af577ea8652d8.png" alt=" \begin{align} \because\begin{cases} \acute{a}x^2+bx^2+c\gtrless0\gtrless\grave{a}x^2+bx^2+c\ \acute{a}>0>\grave{a} \end{cases}\ \therefore\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4\acute{a}c}}{2\acute{a}}{}_\lessgtr^\gtrless x_\lessgtr^\gtrless\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{b^2-4\grave{a}c}}{2\grave{a}} \end{align} "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">x\not\equiv N</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/b/0/1b05bef638197b56e7298f7ce316ad13.png" alt="x\not\equiv N"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">x\ne A</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/1/0/3104de4e8ef189be10d43d6ca8e9444a.png" alt="x\ne A"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">x\neq C</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/0/1/7016f46da82d8566a65d93a0ed082874.png" alt="x\neq C"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">t\propto v</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/f/f/cfff18dbfebc64e8d6080fa3731249c1.png" alt="t\propto v"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\pm</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/7/2/5722e2f6169308b8be3542900c6d6553.png" alt="\pm"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\mp</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/2/f/02f4d839cf96b60132fea53480d63648.png" alt="\mp"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t9"></a><a name="t10" target="_blank"></a>几何符号</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">特征</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">菱形</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Diamond</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/a/2/6a2084de787fb2d1c3e408d926425904.png" alt="\Diamond"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">正方形</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Box</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/d/8/9d8f6d53ad070771a6910933810023c4.png" alt="\Box"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">三角形</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">Delta</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Delta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/a/b/5abc9a983cecde2f902ff5e4de34ec1f.png" alt="\Delta\!"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">图型</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\triangle</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/5/d/f5d889f32d6794e1bc2ed394e9688c76.png" alt="\triangle"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">角名</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\angle\Alpha\Beta\Gamma</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/8/5/38501930aadb2f2d724c193f209f9578.png" alt="\angle\Alpha\Beta\Gamma"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="角度" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A7%92%E5%BA%A6" target="_blank">角度</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\sin\!\frac{\pi}{3}=\sin60^\operatorname{\omicron}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/a/0/da0804e5be1869c583e761bb38e2f007.png" alt="\sin\!\frac{\pi}{3}=\sin60^\operatorname{\omicron}=\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="垂直" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9E%82%E7%9B%B4" target="_blank">垂直</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\perp</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/2/1/d21e3d53f78769beee8ff7b6c4a9a92c.png" alt="\perp"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t10"></a><a name="t11" target="_blank"></a>箭头符号</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\leftarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/6/4/a6465c0244621c63e7e1e96eb55aad7a.png" alt="\leftarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\gets</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/e/9/ce9bfd92570656019fed79d092b6ae74.png" alt="\gets"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\rightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/3/e/83e37b7246fdfcb99b2754210ebeae27.png" alt="\rightarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\to</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/a/5/da558173e1f2ddfeb273751d481f9a52.png" alt="\to"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\leftrightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/b/1/1b18a4c4fc578ef4cfd1cc0eb0daa473.png" alt="\leftrightarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\longleftarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/7/f/57f18f6115ac560cb869f55d691ab334.png" alt="\longleftarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\longrightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/7/8/b78286a473d99ba959caf406cea7e493.png" alt="\longrightarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\mapsto</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/4/5/9450612598aafa1f56196840d7f83ff9.png" alt="\mapsto"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\longmapsto</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/6/8/b68c87df100d6a59aea8e716bb3a97ce.png" alt="\longmapsto"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\hookrightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/2/9/7294bafcf0fbf24fa305a03ddb7bd367.png" alt="\hookrightarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\hookleftarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/d/4/fd458e10f8ceba4e35d89bafa86905de.png" alt="\hookleftarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\nearrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/0/f/30f1696dc98c430e93a6139c456dbd5d.png" alt="\nearrow"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\searrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/5/2/75269e7e572c9cd78ae150d34a71b7d5.png" alt="\searrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\swarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/f/b/5fb8d3e625fff8c3b4d6450236bad8eb.png" alt="\swarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\nwarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/3/a/23ac812cbd7c1de7762b501b2575798a.png" alt="\nwarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\uparrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/0/4/f045028b3e31841b22efbbb9a0911dc0.png" alt="\uparrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\downarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/2/f/42f4ac9a26f75eda6a7716993026a6c8.png" alt="\downarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\updownarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/5/7/457ca7d9f0425e9b1dc99132e119dbce.png" alt="\updownarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\rightharpoonup</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/8/3/8837df45e6cc70b20f1c232847a27d71.png" alt="\rightharpoonup"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\rightharpoondown</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/7/9/a79d180f700de8efbe9c9e44a53ad372.png" alt="\rightharpoondown "></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\leftharpoonup</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/8/9/4898039d7b0702b29079e5e9ca3c4513.png" alt="\leftharpoonup"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\leftharpoondown</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/b/0/9b05a226682efc86dc1d66ef026ae2e3.png" alt="\leftharpoondown "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\upharpoonleft</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/6/e/c6e4de1cefacd371ebbf050f78786be6.png" alt="\upharpoonleft"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\upharpoonright</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/f/5/df58255d87a189b5c496160f06212765.png" alt="\upharpoonright "></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\downharpoonleft</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/a/4/4a406771aef37db53572e672e9fcd360.png" alt="\downharpoonleft"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\downharpoonright</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/7/4/374d7e005ee1a76c99ac68f71028cbdc.png" alt="\downharpoonright"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Leftarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/c/f/1cfb61f8b7206229c3ad6452e0d83674.png" alt="\Leftarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Rightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/f/0/df09aea884019cb88a2957126faba316.png" alt="\Rightarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Leftrightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/1/4/014cced2b73c22eb88cdc6901afb0c9d.png" alt="\Leftrightarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Longleftarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/2/1/7218138eb9cfb7959782d4e553a9105e.png" alt="\Longleftarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Longrightarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/5/8/7585765360506206cb893e03b9517acc.png" alt="\Longrightarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Longleftrightarrow (or \iff)</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/5/c/35c86324cc425d53964bba41b40bbe99.png" alt="\Longleftrightarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Uparrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/2/6/b267b68b9e6b5c95dc1853c82be33b00.png" alt="\Uparrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Downarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/5/8/a5855048483c40e8ffeac0646476f178.png" alt="\Downarrow"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Updownarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/1/8/7185c13dd289c8bde5d575f846e9d521.png" alt="\Updownarrow"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t11"></a><a name="t12" target="_blank"></a>特殊符号</span></h3>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\eth</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/d/a/2dacecd4fffb3d4fdea52ed937b50c81.png" alt="\eth"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\S</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/d/6/5d60d7c05a80628104ef1bd0718eb3fc.png" alt="\S"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\P</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/9/9/899edd97aab272d0a8c8987321b24408.png" alt="\P"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\%</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/8/f/28f423e28b5eb397034d51aaf59b708b.png" alt="\%"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\dagger</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/0/f/50f39cb506b81c04fb18893469de5be5.png" alt="\dagger"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ddagger</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/d/6/fd6bb9c23860e78a827828a896063b5b.png" alt="\ddagger"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\star</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/3/d/23d64887f9c2add7a296e5b99acbbdfb.png" alt="\star"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">*</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/3/8/3389dae361af79b04c9c8e7057f60cc6.png" alt="*"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ldots</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/6/5/065775997fdbcb83ddbe8936e67e4f2c.png" alt="\ldots"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\smile</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/c/9/ec97f8d0dbf2f26b882bb6d671d2e535.png" alt="\smile"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\frown</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/f/8/4f8881ccda31a4b84283529b47d30c95.png" alt="\frown"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\wr</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/5/c/b5ce93cb24555a53656581ff87bc2caf.png" alt="\wr"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\oplus</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/7/1/b71edd70fcad670e99a9912ba5e55d77.png" alt="\oplus"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigoplus</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/7/e/17e0badeeb2a6501df77203521a6501d.png" alt="\bigoplus"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\otimes</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/9/d/e9dd9013ec300ceba41484dfc2c9a876.png" alt="\otimes"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigotimes</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/f/3/9f3cab49d684e7498a965b3e9d3c1524.png" alt="\bigotimes"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\times</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/e/e/9eedd61e32f7a8e70e171028a7e5dc08.png" alt="\times"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\cdot</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/6/f/36f8ae4c86b69d52d037a6802d91cc4a.png" alt="\cdot"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\div</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/3/9/a3933e4fee514b1dfa4cea09af6ae53e.png" alt="\div"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\circ</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/0/c/10c3e97d2a3eda0d182b81d48f231b62.png" alt="\circ"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bullet</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/f/5/bf588c17a2f1ba670dd67abd8ef6b8c6.png" alt="\bullet"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigodot</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/6/a/96a7b9d0ce387adfe7c6f3b873a0b76a.png" alt="\bigodot"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\boxtimes</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/2/2/e2211456bb3ab339c66e0ae2e2a813a4.png" alt="\boxtimes"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\boxplus</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/8/e/f8e648d94a8e0c86827c1605310274c2.png" alt="\boxplus"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\triangleleft</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/d/0/2d08cb5c3db4b928ee78ebf5799272c3.png" alt="\triangleleft"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\triangleright</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/f/8/6f8e04d60521ae7f16ba977acc75a5be.png" alt="\triangleright"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\infty</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/2/4/d245777abca64ece2d5d7ca0d19fddb6.png" alt="\infty"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\bot</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/4/6/2462ef886428ee7d949936d41281f003.png" alt="\bot"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\top</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/9/c/09c35e480ff978d5868d6e09f324f913.png" alt="\top"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\vdash</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/f/7/bf73c9341a48c47c84a48dad635ff940.png" alt="\vdash"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\vDash</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/1/1/c11b72dc7a3b789b717a21f90be06c47.png" alt="\vDash"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Vdash</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/a/b/fab53e7da58e75e9eb1c8b5719631e0b.png" alt="\Vdash"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\models</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/7/6/e766ce0de4bbe899d7ea2ebe40b3e0ee.png" alt="\models"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\lVert</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/8/6/d864e6c7ca350ed86ee64288afbd178a.png" alt="\lVert"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\rVert</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/7/8/f7898b1a0e380641f53fc4d5c2218b68.png" alt="\rVert"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\imath</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/b/6/1b6f7d5292201038835cfccdf34c96e3.png" alt="\imath"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\hbar</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/d/f/9dfd055ef1683b053f1b5bf9ed6dbbb4.png" alt="\hbar"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\ell</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/3/4/334ce9eb79df1178b0380461c9eaa09e.png" alt="\ell"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\mho</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/f/c/ffcb76daff70c2bd4e0f4624bed32a2f.png" alt="\mho"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Finv</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/a/9/6a984c8c20e99df30c065327cfce2b55.png" alt="\Finv"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Re</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/e/0/6e0372ee3e41f8ed7bba429e0ccdc96e.png" alt="\Re"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Im</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/f/8/ef81859e9fa4549ecefd51647be8224a.png" alt="\Im"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\wp</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/9/2/59234eec7b76260bbbfcf81979887b2c.png" alt="\wp"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\complement</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/9/f/89fb291e5e64322950296e45369d3285.png" alt="\complement"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\diamondsuit</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/b/2/fb24ec60ac1d9b437a64b2edcb5450f4.png" alt="\diamondsuit"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\heartsuit</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/b/d/7bd6a6158c45891182ef5783234c2c5a.png" alt="\heartsuit"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\clubsuit</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/2/4/f243a5ff32cd1dd4a28521b225bb76b5.png" alt="\clubsuit"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\spadesuit</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/a/2/8a2e30359d1821a30aff595e4ff18375.png" alt="\spadesuit"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\Game</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/f/6/4f67c5c3f8e2624b0e62de0ee8d38650.png" alt="\Game"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\flat</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/3/8/8380b268482c1a8d9fd36dc88e8a127a.png" alt="\flat"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\natural</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/1/7/3178537e3f3a2bc507823259218904ad.png" alt="\natural"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\sharp</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/8/1/7818bf5748ed97579507cd14a1d5bb65.png" alt="\sharp"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t12"></a><a name="t13" target="_blank"></a>上标、下标及<a title="积分" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86" target="_blank">积分</a>等</span></h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">功能</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">上标</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>a^2</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/1/d/f1d0a7eeee296f457681b906e2cdacac.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} a^2"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">下标</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>a_2</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/e/2/8e2d2291a5593af94e996a65b6f726f8.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} a_2"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">组合</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>a^{2+2}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/6/8/0683bba81494fa4172f1052cec9f2eed.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} a^{2+2}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>a_{i,j}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/d/9/bd93d6a6976568f768d4ef2a91bb2151.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} a_{i,j}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">结合上下标</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>x_2^3</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/7/f/f7ffd853543b9b2461e72eb28f8dec3c.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} x_2^3"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">前置上下标</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>{}_1^2\!X_3^4</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/4/9/2491f82bb48b549a2aaf289dbb3a7bed.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} {}_1^2\!X_3^4"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="导数" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AF%BC%E6%95%B0" target="_blank">导数</a></span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">（HTML）</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>x'</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/1/e/21ef9651f881246acc18a8b92368aabf.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} x'"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">导数</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">（PNG）</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>x^\prime</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/3/d/e3dbdd462fde1f1fb890aed48df66440.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} x^\prime"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">导数</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">（错误）</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>x\prime</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/5/2/e5269181cb3851f57f684d621a9f1fca.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} x\prime"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">导数点</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\dot{x}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/3/3/733b0ff044f2e2cfdb524078740878b1.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \dot{x}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\ddot{y}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/6/f/e6f6b45ec0ee15db8c4caa3f1fe88fdf.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \ddot{y}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4"><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="向量" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%91%E9%87%8F" target="_blank">向量</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\vec{c}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/1/f/31fc19819196b91156e13edc6cb3358c.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \vec{c}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\overleftarrow{a b}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/9/4/d948738bbfeb127b134f549321c789ff.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \overleftarrow{a b}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\overrightarrow{c d}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/c/1/3c115f32f746e2c73d59f1a8cfbe36a2.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \overrightarrow{c d}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\widehat{e f g}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/c/b/4cba1e79deac23bb500a8aa203d9a111.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \widehat{e f g}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">上弧</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(注: 正确应该用 \overarc, 但在这里行不通。要用建议的语法作为解决办法)</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\overset{\frown} {AB}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/4/0/b40456c21e931270a803c1d538d863f2.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \overset{\frown} {AB}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">上划线</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\overline{h i j}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/b/1/5b143339bea2ab5becbbb7a3bdaba555.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \overline{h i j}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">下划线</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\underline{k l m}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/4/7/147943fe9e7a222b850132ddd7882dce.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \underline{k l m}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">上括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/9/9/e997df92fcd3679c1935cd73f5fa1a73.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} 5050 \\ \overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 }\end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/3/c/73c0e4b49730d106b752a7c3715b0c3d.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} 5050 \\ \overbrace{ 1+2+\cdots+100 } \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">下括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/7/9/d793da2820a7de9b0c645ac746da79ef.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \underbrace{a+b+\cdots+z}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} \underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z } \\ 26\end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/c/9/bc9dd69fffd702f4846f73579620c811.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} \underbrace{ a+b+\cdots+z } \\ 26 \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">求和</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\sum_{k=1}^N k^2</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/a/4/6a4791650b77862a6d6bf83f286d9f0c.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2 \end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/9/c/39cf5eb70e03dff6ed87382baeca9291.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} \sum_{k=1}^N k^2 \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">求积</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\prod_{i=1}^N x_i</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/9/f/09f3d0f277e7d0da504ca31e5f546988.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/f/0/5f06b9aa7b4eba60f3e886bcadde28f0.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} \prod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">上积</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\coprod_{i=1}^N x_i</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/4/c/64c84feef576affcd4a7bdeb785a943c.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i\end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/5/6/e56db83ea5ba72537c2d85ed8f013276.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} \coprod_{i=1}^N x_i \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="极限" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E9%99%90" target="_blank">极限</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\lim_{n \to \infty}x_n</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/9/5/7950c79f217c0a89607656e58d4296fd.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n\end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/7/c/e7ccfef303615810c06213be8a676484.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} \lim_{n \to \infty}x_n \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="积分" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86" target="_blank">积分</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/4/9/7491e901a36ceb13bbbe943759b14dc8.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\begin{matrix} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx\end{matrix}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/f/6/5f6531acbd059619af09d3b52039ede5.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \begin{matrix} \int_{-N}^{N} e^x\, dx \end{matrix}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="双重积分" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E9%87%8D%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86" target="_blank">双重积分</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/4/e/44e3f99f1f29b9ee5de871e820cec5f3.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \iint_{D}^{W} \, dx\,dy"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">三重积分</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/c/0/8c050c5bd1690dd42a9f175ec124cb97.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \iiint_{E}^{V} \, dx\,dy\,dz"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">四重积分</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\iiiint_{F}^{U} \, dx\,dy\,dz\,dt</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/b/5/db51c71f79d301a689b3231927a0dfaa.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \iiiint_{F}^{U} \, dx\,dy\,dz\,dt"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">闭合的<a title="路径积分" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E5%BE%84%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86" target="_blank">曲线</a>、<a title="曲面积分" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%AF%E5%88%86" target="_blank">曲面积分</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/5/7/e5791a184359ab19ff7e372b15ec0d1b.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \oint_{C} x^3\, dx + 4y^2\, dy"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="交集" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%9B%86" target="_blank">交集</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\bigcap_1^{n} p</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/6/3/463d4e4bd315c0c6030354a540d85829.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \bigcap_1^{n} p"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="并集" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E9%9B%86" target="_blank">并集</a></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\bigcup_1^{k} p</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/0/0/80059f454f87af13803b327c202dcec1.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \bigcup_1^{k} p"></span></td>


</tr>


</tbody>


</table>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t13"></a><a name="t14" target="_blank"></a><a title="分数" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%95%B0" target="_blank">分数</a>、<a title="矩阵" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9F%A9%E9%98%B5" target="_blank">矩阵</a>和多行列式</span></h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">功能</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">分数</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\frac{2}{4}=0.5</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/6/d/46dc0b34e0ab4e944a437720a4431d6c.png" alt="\frac{2}{4}=0.5"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">小型分数</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/8/4/284667fc4a92790093aa59b61b3667a0.png" alt="\tfrac{2}{4} = 0.5"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">大型分数（嵌套）</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\cfrac{2}{c + \cfrac{2}{d + \cfrac{2}{4}}} =a</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/d/0/6d099c02b3faf73f9320656217415906.png" alt="\cfrac{2}{c + \cfrac{2}{d + \cfrac{2}{4}}} = a"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">大型分数（不嵌套）</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 \qquad \dfrac{2}{c + \dfrac{2}{d +\dfrac{2}{4}}} = a</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/a/3/5a37ae94a95c7dd603c20cd4fbe8d9e9.png" alt="\dfrac{2}{4} = 0.5 \qquad \dfrac{2}{c + \dfrac{2}{d + \dfrac{2}{4}}} = a"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="二项式" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E9%A1%B9%E5%BC%8F" target="_blank">二项式</a>系数</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\dbinom{n}{r}=\binom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/a/5/6a5373cd8c6503567a3c2a69deda71f3.png" alt="\dbinom{n}{r}=\binom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">小型<a title="二项式" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E9%A1%B9%E5%BC%8F" target="_blank">二项式</a>系数</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\tbinom{n}{r}=\tbinom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/b/1/0b1188af9ee1a12bc62ca56cf83f268c.png" alt="\tbinom{n}{r}=\tbinom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">大型<a title="二项式" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E9%A1%B9%E5%BC%8F" target="_blank">二项式</a>系数</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\binom{n}{r}=\dbinom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/6/9/b69b21e3b047a91cd1127a498b3267f6.png" alt="\binom{n}{r}=\dbinom{n}{n-r}=C^n_r=C^n_{n-r}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="7"><span style="font-size: 16px">矩阵</span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{matrix}
x &amp; y \\
z &amp; v
\end{matrix}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/9/9/b99890966e1b997497211428f8e3419d.png" alt="\begin{matrix} x &amp; y \\ z &amp; v \end{matrix}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{vmatrix}
x &amp; y \\
z &amp; v
\end{vmatrix}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/2/b/92b8f0e57848a80b4babd2ba93775370.png" alt="\begin{vmatrix} x &amp; y \\ z &amp; v \end{vmatrix}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{Vmatrix}
x &amp; y \\
z &amp; v
\end{Vmatrix}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/b/a/bba5bfd11057dbb202307584eed8f2dc.png" alt="\begin{Vmatrix} x &amp; y \\ z &amp; v \end{Vmatrix}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{bmatrix}
0      &amp; \cdots &amp; 0      \\
\vdots &amp; \ddots &amp; \vdots \\
0      &amp; \cdots &amp; 0
\end{bmatrix}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/1/a/81a12a09ac84853e3d25323b8643c630.png" alt="\begin{bmatrix} 0 &amp; \cdots &amp; 0 \\ \vdots &amp; \ddots &amp; \vdots \\ 0 &amp; \cdots &amp; 0\end{bmatrix} "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{Bmatrix}
x &amp; y \\
z &amp; v
\end{Bmatrix}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/f/7/bf7244e2842c8a7d55892e229560d5c1.png" alt="\begin{Bmatrix} x &amp; y \\ z &amp; v \end{Bmatrix}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{pmatrix}
x &amp; y \\
z &amp; v
\end{pmatrix}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/4/4/444df88e616def4e275b4e920c7b872e.png" alt="\begin{pmatrix} x &amp; y \\ z &amp; v \end{pmatrix}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigl( \begin{smallmatrix}
a&amp;b\\ c&amp;d
\end{smallmatrix} \bigr)
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/d/4/cd49bbc188dce0f93fef57312af5a106.png" alt=" \bigl( \begin{smallmatrix} a&amp;b\\ c&amp;d \end{smallmatrix} \bigr) "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">条件定义</span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">f(n) =
\begin{cases} 
n/2,  &amp; \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even} \\
3n+1, &amp; \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is odd}
\end{cases}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/3/a/e3aebe50364cfe498fa9ca99c0036010.png" alt="f(n) = \begin{cases} n/2, &amp; \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is even} \ 3n+1, &amp; \mbox{if }n\mbox{ is odd} \end{cases} "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 16px">多行等式</span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{align}
f(x) &amp; = (m+n)^2 \\
&amp; = m^2+2mn+n^2 \\
\end{align}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/d/9/1d9f576360e949d08e0fac7cacbbd25c.png" alt=" \begin{align} f(x) &amp; = (m+n)^2 \ &amp; = m^2+2mn+n^2 \ \end{align} "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{alignat}{2}
f(x) &amp; = (m-n)^2 \\
f(x) &amp; = (-m+n)^2 \\
&amp; = m^2-2mn+n^2 \\
\end{alignat}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/8/d/18d4bad0865b57fc1d5b383abe2da1b0.png" alt=" \begin{alignat}{2} f(x) &amp; = (m-n)^2 \ f(x) &amp; = (-m+n)^2 \ &amp; = m^2-2mn+n^2 \ \end{alignat} "></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">多行等式<small>（左对齐）</small></span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{array}{lcl}
z        &amp; = &amp; a \\
f(x,y,z) &amp; = &amp; x + y + z 
\end{array}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/b/f/9bf19115bb27237fa997ca93b94ad217.png" alt="\begin{array}{lcl} z &amp; = &amp; a \ f(x,y,z) &amp; = &amp; x + y + z \end{array}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">多行等式<small>（右对齐）</small></span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{array}{lcr}
z        &amp; = &amp; a \\
f(x,y,z) &amp; = &amp; x + y + z    
\end{array}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/2/a/02ae32735e1e21ba3b05984289fd2763.png" alt="\begin{array}{lcr} z &amp; = &amp; a \ f(x,y,z) &amp; = &amp; x + y + z \end{array}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">长公式换行</span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">&lt;math&gt;f(x) \,\!&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n x^n &lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math&gt;= a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

</span></pre>
</td>
<td>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/d/f/8dfae20000a042d8e9047aad1d7e171e.png" alt="f(x) \,\!"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/6/3/6633d51d63b35281d030755a6b0aebb1.png" alt="= \sum_{n=0}^\infty a_n x^n "><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/e/3/fe3e268382fd486e8572daf895bd4c9d.png" alt="= a_0 +a_1x+a_2x^2+\cdots"></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="方程组" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E7%A8%8B%E7%BB%84" target="_blank">方程组</a></span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{cases}
3x + 5y +  z \\
7x - 2y + 4z \\
-6x + 3y + 2z
\end{cases}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/3/4/6349be04b3562fc215c7a4e130422a96.png" alt="\begin{cases} 3x + 5y + z \\ 7x - 2y + 4z \\ -6x + 3y + 2z \end{cases}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">数组</span></td>
<td>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{array}{|c|c||c|} a &amp; b &amp; S \\
\hline
0&amp;0&amp;1\\
0&amp;1&amp;1\\
1&amp;0&amp;1\\
1&amp;1&amp;0\\
\end{array}
</span></pre>
</td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/1/5/9151e94ef2bb52c18176dbe4c11921ed.png" alt=" \begin{array}{|c|c||c|} a &amp; b &amp; S \ \hline 0&amp;0&amp;1\ 0&amp;1&amp;1\ 1&amp;0&amp;1\ 1&amp;1&amp;0\ \end{array} "></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t14"></a><a name="t15" target="_blank"></a>字体</span></h2>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t15"></a><a name="t16" target="_blank"></a><a title="希腊字母" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" target="_blank">希腊字母</a></span></h3>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">斜体小写希腊字母一般用于在方程中显示变量。</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th colspan="4"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">正体希腊字母</span></center></th></tr>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">特征</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">注释/外部链接</span></th></tr>
<tr><th rowspan="3"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">大写字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Alpha \Beta \Gamma \Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \Eta\Theta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/7/a/a7a8e6bbde24e99f9dab00c840f9483d.png" alt="\Alpha\Beta\Gamma\Delta\Epsilon\Zeta\Eta\Theta\!"></span></td>
<th><center><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="Α" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91" target="_blank">Α</a><a title="Β" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92" target="_blank">Β</a>&nbsp;<a title="Γ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93" target="_blank">Γ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Δ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94" target="_blank">Δ</a><a title="Ε" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95" target="_blank">Ε</a>&nbsp;<a title="Ζ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%96" target="_blank">Ζ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Η" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97" target="_blank">Η</a><a title="Θ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98" target="_blank">Θ</a></span></center></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Omicron \Pi</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/e/0/0e022245aac65d3fe5eaf14065761066.png" alt="\Iota\Kappa\Lambda\Mu\Nu\Xi\Omicron\Pi\!"></span></td>
<th><center><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="Ι" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99" target="_blank">Ι</a><a title="Κ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A" target="_blank">Κ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Λ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B" target="_blank">Λ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Μ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C" target="_blank">Μ</a><a title="Ν" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D" target="_blank">Ν</a>&nbsp;<a title="Ξ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9E" target="_blank">Ξ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Ο" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F" target="_blank">Ο</a><a title="Π" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0" target="_blank">Π</a></span></center></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Rho \Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi\Omega</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/f/c/efc3244ff48644b6134ee45563b49b45.png" alt="\Rho\Sigma\Tau\Upsilon\Phi\Chi\Psi\Omega\!"></span></td>
<th><center><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="Ρ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1" target="_blank">Ρ</a><a title="Σ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3" target="_blank">Σ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Τ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4" target="_blank">Τ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Υ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A5" target="_blank">Υ</a><a title="Φ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6" target="_blank">Φ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Χ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7" target="_blank">Χ</a>&nbsp;<a title="Ψ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A8" target="_blank">Ψ</a><a title="Ω" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A9" target="_blank">Ω</a></span></center></th></tr>
<tr><th rowspan="3"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">小写字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha \beta \gamma \delta \epsilon \zeta \eta\theta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/f/e/9fef94989f0aefed4c953823bd945e89.png" alt="\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta\!"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\iota \kappa\varkappa \lambda \mu \nu \xi \omicron\pi</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/1/f/21fef848efb59d5bf6168bfb9a8755ab.png" alt="\iota\kappa\varkappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\omicron\pi\!"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\rho \sigma \tau \upsilon \phi \chi \psi\omega</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/1/3/1136b70309d44ecdbacbba66bf42ceb8.png" alt="\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega\!"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr><th rowspan="7"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">异体字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Epsilon\epsilon\varepsilon</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/9/c/99c715d6c6eb8fb0c7788b0496c18fcf.png" alt="\Epsilon\epsilon\varepsilon"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Theta\theta\vartheta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/8/5/c85d2107efa86dfe8e8954e8104941c6.png" alt="\Theta\theta\vartheta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Kappa\kappa\varkappa</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/b/8/7b8b29c367a46e3d1403cb76cbbbf028.png" alt="\Kappa\kappa\varkappa"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Pi\pi\varpi</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/1/5/215d2b61e8b6fa92a374ea7f6fd0adf6.png" alt="\Pi\pi\varpi"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Rho\rho\varrho</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/1/a/31accc86698f4bc68e6a7fc57d5aba5e.png" alt="\Rho\rho\varrho"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Sigma\sigma\varsigma</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/3/3/633e6a1a75704bfc8ccb0ad3aafa22d1.png" alt="\Sigma\sigma\varsigma"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Phi\phi\varphi</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/f/f/0ff9115861d9a54f1529074db5fef99f.png" alt="\Phi\phi\varphi\,"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
<tr><th><center><span style="font-size: 16px">已停用字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\digamma</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/f/0/2f057b6e514c8ca2d9cf9a3e549f8865.png" alt="\digamma"></span></td>
<th><center><span style="font-size: 16px"><a title="Ϝ" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CF%9C" target="_blank">Ϝ</a><sup><a href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:MATH#cite_note-waw-0" target="_blank">[1]</a></sup></span></center></th></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th colspan="3"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">粗体希腊字母</span></center></th></tr>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">特征</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></th></tr>
<tr><th rowspan="3"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">大写字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Alpha \Beta \Gamma \Delta \Epsilon \Zeta\Eta \Theta}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/4/f/94fb9b3acc279b36e71cffa687bed874.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Alpha\Beta\Gamma\Delta\Epsilon\Zeta\Eta\Theta}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Omicron\Pi}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/5/f/85f3fd2f163b3adc58786af782b08de7.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Iota\Kappa\Lambda\Mu\Nu\Xi\Omicron\Pi}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Rho \Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi\Omega}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/0/f/c0f2474ad244a26ea4e6151bd8bd32ea.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Rho\Sigma\Tau\Upsilon\Phi\Chi\Psi\Omega}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr><th rowspan="3"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">小写字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\alpha \beta \gamma \delta \epsilon \zeta\eta \theta}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/1/7/c17de9504191bfa32a07aeb91ddb4951.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\iota \kappa \lambda \mu \nu \xi \omicron\pi}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/9/2/7928383f5c482c3f54b174a8587ef072.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\omicron\pi}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\rho \sigma \tau \upsilon \phi \chi \psi\omega}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/3/5/c35ae2ba2495c03800061cce1a891ac9.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr><th rowspan="7"><center><span style="font-size: 16px">异体字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Epsilon\epsilon\varepsilon}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/3/9/c39ce84cdcacc3e61acb968df349f8c2.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Epsilon\epsilon\varepsilon}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Theta\theta\vartheta}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/d/3/ad38436580b9494806467c8840c3bece.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Theta\theta\vartheta}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Kappa\kappa\varkappa}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/a/9/ca9ff8676cb9fda962e4f1ac89c6a3e6.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Kappa\kappa\varkappa}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Pi\pi\varpi}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/d/6/ad6b8d8282bfeef3c52a351bb71b218f.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Pi\pi\varpi}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Rho\rho\varrho}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/2/6/026b48b451f2f85218243a435c0e62c8.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Rho\rho\varrho}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Sigma\sigma\varsigma}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/9/3/99382bedcd762954e10b7bd59da12101.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Sigma\sigma\varsigma}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\Phi\phi\varphi}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/4/8/7480345aa28c6c4f01d80ab7f67996a1.png" alt="\boldsymbol{\Phi\phi\varphi}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr><th><center><span style="font-size: 16px">已停用字母</span></center></th>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{\digamma}</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t16"></a><a name="t17" target="_blank"></a>黑板粗体</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\mathbb{<em>ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ</em>}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/e/4/ce44c3481a2b5d78785b0c920f5a4614.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\mathbb{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}"></span></dd></dl>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">黑板粗体（<a title="en:Blackboard bold" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackboard_bold" target="_blank">Blackboardbold</a>）一般用于表示数学和物理学中的向量或集合的符号。 备注：</span></p>
<ol>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/9/b/69b3f95ebb53ab73dc89a39639392f86.png" alt="\{ \,">花括号<img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/7/5/b752132764734448b12a5a3dd2cda51c.png" alt="\} \,">中只有使用大写拉丁字母才能正常显示，使用小写字母或数字会得到其他符号。</span></li>
</ol>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t17"></a><a name="t18" target="_blank"></a>正粗体</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\mathbf{<em>012…abc…ABC…</em>}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/7/6/77638faf12d57998f2e9b73e943de27c.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\mathbf{0 \ 1 \ 2 \ 3 \ 4 \ 5 \ 6 \ 7 \ 8 \ 9}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/6/6/1662b633eb414e7b094e8f34e4108f3a.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\mathbf{a \ b \ c \ d \ e \ f \ g \ h \ i \ j \ k \ l \ m \ n \ o \ p \ q \ r \ s \ t \ u \ v \ w \ x \ y \ z}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/0/580fd155c65a7dc6f92cfa4dfb973ed5.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\mathbf{A \ B \ C \ D \ E \ F \ G \ H \ I \ J \ K \ L \ M \ N \ O \ P \ Q \ R \ S \ T \ U \ V \ W \ X \ Y \ Z}"></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">备注</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">花括号{}内只能使用拉丁字母和数字，不能使用希腊字母如\alpha等。斜粗体</span></dd></dl><dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\boldsymbol{<em>012…abc…ABC…\alpha \beta\gamma…</em>}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/9/0/a90278c14f5690a74ed5a6a8302c9082.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\boldsymbol{0 \ 1 \ 2 \ 3 \ 4 \ 5 \ 6 \ 7 \ 8 \ 9}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/d/e/aded24ff1434a136f279a7bef76514e7.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\boldsymbol{a \ b \ c \ d \ e \ f \ g \ h \ i \ j \ k \ l \ m \ n \ o \ p \ q \ r \ s \ t \ u \ v \ w \ x \ y \ z}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/a/5/6a53c91894a6ffb4be339e91549a8423.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\boldsymbol{A \ B \ C \ D \ E \ F \ G \ H \ I \ J \ K \ L \ M \ N \ O \ P \ Q \ R \ S \ T \ U \ V \ W \ X \ Y \ Z}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/5/b/25ba644b7c4d6ea15e453246149a5fc7.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\boldsymbol{\alpha \ \beta \ \gamma \ \delta \ \epsilon \ \zeta \ \eta \ \theta \ \iota \ \kappa \ \lambda \ \mu \ \nu \ \xi \ o \ \pi \ \rho \ \sigma \ \tau \ \upsilon \ \phi \ \chi \ \psi \ \omega}"></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">备注</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">使用<code>\boldsymbol{}</code>可以加粗所有合法的符号。</span></dd></dl>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t18"></a><a name="t19" target="_blank"></a>斜体数字</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\mathit{<em>0123456789</em>}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/6/8/96846c8042557a593245c9adbfadcf67.png" alt="\mathit{0123456789}\!"></span></dd></dl>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t19"></a><a name="t20" target="_blank"></a>罗马体</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\mathrm{<em>012…abc…ABC…</em>}或\mbox{}或\operatorname{}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/5/4/15472007a8874b45b1dc0b446928e792.png" alt="\mathrm{0123456789}\ "></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/6/a/36ab31702c21e576eeb46bcb3af9492d.png" alt="\mathrm{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ}\ "></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/2/5/6253a68230884ac36ac5705cc943cf35.png" alt="\mathrm{abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz}\ "></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">备注</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">罗马体可以使用数字和<a title="拉丁字母" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E5%AD%97%E6%AF%8D" target="_blank">拉丁字母</a>。</span></dd></dl>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t20"></a><a name="t21" target="_blank"></a>哥特体</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\mathfrak{<em>012…abc…ABC…</em>}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/9/7/8978258d44abd5fa142106d7d0d5cfdb.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \mathfrak{0 \ 1 \ 2 \ 3 \ 4 \ 5 \ 6 \ 7 \ 8 \ 9}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/3/0/0304e047f276ed327b84d340e393b7d4.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \mathfrak{a \ b \ c \ d \ e \ f \ g \ h \ i \ j \ k \ l \ m \ n \ o \ p \ q \ r \ s \ t \ u \ v \ w \ x \ y \ z}"></span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/a/9/ea949c322ae53aaf0a0de51dc465cf3f.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} \mathfrak{A \ B \ C \ D \ E \ F \ G \ H \ I \ J \ K \ L \ M \ N \ O \ P \ Q \ R \ S \ T \ U \ V \ W \ X \ Y \ Z}"></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">备注</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">哥特体可以使用数字和拉丁字母。</span></dd></dl>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t21"></a><a name="t22" target="_blank"></a>手写体</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\mathcal{<em>ABC…</em>}</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/a/8/4a8cadf2764770249d0cc7bb1d8c5b94.png" alt="\mathcal{ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPSTUVWXYZ}"></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">备注</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">手写体仅对大写拉丁字母有效。</span></dd></dl>
<h3><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t22"></a><a name="t23" target="_blank"></a>希伯来字母</span></h3>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\aleph\beth\gimel\daleth</code></span></dd><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">效果</span></dt><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/b/9/8b995d7f3c72ab2bfffec5fe0bdb5df1.png" alt="\aleph\beth\gimel\daleth"></span></dd></dl>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t23"></a><a name="t24" target="_blank"></a>括号</span></h2>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">功能</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">显示</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">不好看</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">( \frac{1}{2} )</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/0/a/40ad9d3d1fc9a61e16d22d7e3f854fec.png" alt="( \frac{1}{2} )"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">好看了</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left( \frac{1}{2} \right)</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/8/b/28bcd5b82ce0e92b25e8a0b4bd5be215.png" alt="\left ( \frac{1}{2} \right )"></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">您可以使用&nbsp;<code>\left</code>&nbsp;和&nbsp;<code>\right</code>&nbsp;来显示不同的括号：</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">功能</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">显示</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">圆括号，小括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left(&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right)</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/9/0/2905969500b40b2f2c7078206e7e0e81.png" alt="\left( \frac{a}{b} \right)"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">方括号，中括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left[&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right]</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/5/8/8585c96f355f7e301fd5143bea32efaf.png" alt="\left[ \frac{a}{b} \right]"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">花括号，大括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left\{&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right\}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/4/d/c4d4af6bab9a0e6532dddd50e7d27158.png" alt="\left\{ \frac{a}{b} \right\}"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">角括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\langle&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right&nbsp;\rangle</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/0/6/d06e733ce705ed26a7e048dbd2945371.png" alt="\left\langle \frac{a}{b} \right \rangle"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">单竖线，绝对值</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left|&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right|</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/0/d/40d6c8253b08e8801a01b3f6e5069a62.png" alt="\left| \frac{a}{b} \right|"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">双竖线，范</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\|&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right&nbsp;\|</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/3/0/f30a5c412d1e4b4e7c6195ff5d47e947.png" alt="\left \| \frac{a}{b} \right \|"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">取整函数</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">（Floor function）</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\lfloor&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right&nbsp;\rfloor</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/0/7/c07e1fc7c0150828e55da4efe37e8a3f.png" alt="\left \lfloor \frac{a}{b} \right \rfloor"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">取顶函数</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">（Ceiling function)</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\lceil&nbsp;\frac{c}{d} \right&nbsp;\rceil</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/6/8/868c1e52c339e01204aa1a77d44e3c71.png" alt="\left \lceil \frac{c}{d} \right \rceil"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">斜线与反斜线</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;/&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right&nbsp;\backslash</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/f/3/2f3c5907c0a4fc4fda69eb71890ce952.png" alt="\left / \frac{a}{b} \right \backslash "></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3"><span style="font-size: 16px">上下箭头</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\uparrow&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right&nbsp;\downarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/f/8/bf8dd6b753cb6aeb801ea23de51ad5bc.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\left \uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \downarrow "></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\Uparrow&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right&nbsp;\Downarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/d/e/3de7822465115ade10b47634c22b6b7d.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\left \Uparrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Downarrow "></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left&nbsp;\updownarrow&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right\Updownarrow</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/6/b/06b15cbba4d935fe84a1a503603e4eb0.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\left \updownarrow \frac{a}{b} \right \Updownarrow"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">混合括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left [ 0,1 \right )</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\left \langle \psi \right |</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/3/8/a38771eae1778d0e214f6596a8dc1337.png" alt="\left [ 0,1 \right )"></span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/a/2/da25fc177fd4c53a2c3399c25685dd4c.png" alt="\left \langle \psi \right |"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">单左括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left \{ \frac{a}{b}&nbsp;\right .</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/e/d/ced2a2fb558fe49fa56018b9f8fd69d5.png" alt="\left \{ \frac{a}{b} \right ."></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">单右括号</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">\left .&nbsp;\frac{a}{b} \right \}</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/a/c/9ac9b3c6d21c56f5b2b474b0ea1c4b8a.png" alt="\left . \frac{a}{b} \right \}"></span></td>


</tr>


</tbody>


</table>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">备注：</span></p>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">可以使用&nbsp;<code>\big, \Big, \bigg, \Bigg</code>&nbsp;控制括号的大小，比如代码</span></li>


</ul>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\Bigg&nbsp;(&nbsp;\bigg&nbsp;[&nbsp;\Big&nbsp;\{\big\langle \left | \| \frac{a}{b} \| \right |&nbsp;\big&nbsp;\rangle\Big\}\bigg&nbsp;]&nbsp;\Bigg&nbsp;)</code></span></dd></dl>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">　显示︰</span></p>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/0/9/90905682eff0186bd5d70a201f4e4538.png" alt="\pagecolor{White}\Bigg ( \bigg [ \Big \{ \big \langle \left | \| x \| \right | \big \rangle \Big \} \bigg ] \Bigg )"></span></dd></dl>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t24"></a><a name="t25" target="_blank"></a>空格</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">注意<span lang="en">T<span lang="en">E<span lang="en">X能够自动处理大多数的空格，但是您有时候需要自己来控制。</span></span></span></span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr><th><span style="font-size: 16px">功能</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">显示</span></th><th><span style="font-size: 16px">宽度</span></th></tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">2个quad空格</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\qquad\beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/4/3/b/43ba5910626e8cdd1e7c87f87457bc68.png" alt="\alpha\qquad\beta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/8/a/d8a3700be4ced531e5618e8bebfece25.png" alt="2m\ "></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">quad空格</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\quad\beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/d/b/bdbaa56ab92dbec191da654efcf15f31.png" alt="\alpha\quad\beta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/4/8/d482d61667a2a8f3a40b25f2626b6d16.png" alt="m\ "></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">大空格</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\ \beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/c/c/8cc37fcc9fc3729b33095484307b65e9.png" alt="\alpha\ \beta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/b/d/8bd0331723b650fa4e57c0c97ea74bdb.png" alt="\frac{m}{3}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">中等空格</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\;\beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/9/a/19aad8cbec4cda349710592cddcbae8a.png" alt="\alpha\;\beta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/8/6/d86c7e706d3844153628c5344a0d43c3.png" alt="\frac{2m}{7}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">小空格</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\,\beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/0/580e640ac8bd1b0b421e62a48f9d4815.png" alt="\alpha\,\beta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/b/2/2b25f9317e1ebccefa69c899bb87f655.png" alt="\frac{m}{6}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">没有空格</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/7/6/c761464c4ea7b0a18e7bd830bc80fc62.png" alt="\alpha\beta\ "></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/7/1/571e19a3fb35a2f712cd608e89b85dc5.png" alt="0\ "></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px">紧贴</span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>\alpha\!\beta</code></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/d/3/6d331458bfd8a10d0639514187a1eb42.png" alt="\alpha\!\beta"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/a/4/1a40f481cfa743830b2c80b87a4acccc.png" alt="-\frac{m}{6}"></span></td>


</tr>


</tbody>


</table>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t25"></a><a name="t26" target="_blank"></a>颜色</span></h2>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">语法</span></dt></dl>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">字体颜色︰<code>{\color{色调}表达式}</code></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px">背景颜色︰<code>{\pagecolor{色调}表达式}</code></span></li>


</ul>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">支援色调表</span></dt></dl>
<table><caption><span style="font-size: 16px">Colors supported</span></caption>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/8/9/b8948aeb7bdca5bd4e18d613ac6c5696.png" alt="\color{Apricot}\text{Apricot}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/c/4/fc435c38d6cd34147f1b0562b0e580c0.png" alt="\color{Aquamarine}\text{Aquamarine}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/6/7/d67b10dd93c2300ee8d13b5099078d1b.png" alt="\color{Bittersweet}\text{Bittersweet}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/6/4/364fc160f6c30914ad3d70a6bb551dc6.png" alt="\color{Black}\text{Black}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/f/7/5f795126f5d16b97c60578f01b368cd6.png" alt="\color{Blue}\text{Blue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/0/2/302ea2ab02b2998679c1f973dfb17395.png" alt="\color{BlueGreen}\text{BlueGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/7/d/f7d3a6b44f64ec4d9b289bf8ac436d92.png" alt="\color{BlueViolet}\text{BlueViolet}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/2/f/a2f94714d1809cb3f71016db0e8c2315.png" alt="\color{BrickRed}\text{BrickRed}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/9/c/99cfd151aa2998fb6b309c8c50393c32.png" alt="\color{Brown}\text{Brown}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/e/3/3e3b04676ace992e28aaa5608455a289.png" alt="\color{BurntOrange}\text{BurntOrange}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/d/3/fd392c22a7bb76e6203788f0a5e6584b.png" alt="\color{CadetBlue}\text{CadetBlue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/0/7/6079cf2eacc794bf3e99bc9fc233e2d0.png" alt="\color{CarnationPink}\text{CarnationPink}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/7/5/9759c3640f8f5a2cfa5cfa5c4bc64e2f.png" alt="\color{Cerulean}\text{Cerulean}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/7/2/072ea0cddb81b6996a86c5c60042fc8c.png" alt="\color{CornflowerBlue}\text{CornflowerBlue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/2/1/321ecf031772dbe95758cab0dfaa6f27.png" alt="\color{Cyan}\text{Cyan}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/8/6/78686b75a31528404d2e9b365f892142.png" alt="\color{Dandelion}\text{Dandelion}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/9/b/19bc495f720e6bb920eed9545880e383.png" alt="\color{DarkOrchid}\text{DarkOrchid}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/4/3/b4310eecc8d70893a71a728574dc9f0f.png" alt="\color{Emerald}\text{Emerald}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/8/9/b89859eb7faadeb40830600590478e6e.png" alt="\color{ForestGreen}\text{ForestGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/0/7/3073bfb913846b8b74d221b3de291348.png" alt="\color{Fuchsia}\text{Fuchsia}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/f/6/af66a8061a03abb89bc4d205503d437f.png" alt="\color{Goldenrod}\text{Goldenrod}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/e/5/1e5478f23b28143107d25266b55ef78a.png" alt="\color{Gray}\text{Gray}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/4/7/9474b1edd45b5aefe4533543fe85bbbd.png" alt="\color{Green}\text{Green}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/f/1/8f10b1195e9646f9ca5fbf15001a5b12.png" alt="\pagecolor{Gray}\color{GreenYellow}\text{GreenYellow}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/7/2/f72158890930502ffd7dae256812f7e4.png" alt="\color{JungleGreen}\text{JungleGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/2/f/f2fa7339ac0b50f73409f1e05eb77800.png" alt="\color{Lavender}\text{Lavender}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/c/4/c/c4c5d14dea2c682d5f4148eab87e332f.png" alt="\color{LimeGreen}\text{LimeGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/9/b/d9bfd6c63b5b8c21f53e52a74a75eb97.png" alt="\color{Magenta}\text{Magenta}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/b/b/dbb2ef205ba8d4d3586b1b9785c54c25.png" alt="\color{Mahogany}\text{Mahogany}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/6/5861b59a922bda9d96cf03cb8a184a8a.png" alt="\color{Maroon}\text{Maroon}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/9/b/e9b605ab8c6a1135ac9bb24e540e645b.png" alt="\color{Melon}\text{Melon}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/3/c/1/3c196c0de1592080c250b05208cb29c1.png" alt="\color{MidnightBlue}\text{MidnightBlue}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/8/f/78fe49c7ffa31d0309ecad4e17c8533b.png" alt="\color{Mulberry}\text{Mulberry}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/b/5/7/b57ac6d698f2a553d1de298b8ae86f55.png" alt="\color{NavyBlue}\text{NavyBlue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/f/f/1ff90d0c4e6d6901579206062701309a.png" alt="\color{OliveGreen}\text{OliveGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/d/d/1dd73f756801b262f01f87912b369339.png" alt="\color{Orange}\text{Orange}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/d/f/6df4aca479f5fa8acae9c21141636557.png" alt="\color{OrangeRed}\text{OrangeRed}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/0/3/e03e079ac7c0138cc85bb20894e42c7d.png" alt="\color{Orchid}\text{Orchid}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/6/a/16a4afaaa911b78f102f2e088c596715.png" alt="\color{Peach}\text{Peach}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/0/4/104bee7d6969d0403571f7aa65390384.png" alt="\color{Periwinkle}\text{Periwinkle}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/8/2/5821d738015d4bae29a90be43c9dc760.png" alt="\color{PineGreen}\text{PineGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/e/3/de3328ac78da89a5e86e1917ec8fb87b.png" alt="\color{Plum}\text{Plum}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/2/0/e20ab4232d3130d086b8de76eee6b53c.png" alt="\color{ProcessBlue}\text{ProcessBlue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/f/e/f/fefd1c1377e3d29213e81e866583adad.png" alt="\color{Purple}\text{Purple}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/4/5/745d3d1a6a79b318a497e6fbcb57dc02.png" alt="\color{RawSienna}\text{RawSienna}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/e/2/9e2052c4c91b5216205fe642a06c5ac1.png" alt="\color{Red}\text{Red}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/a/0/2a026699e64707b449d7c3811d752725.png" alt="\color{RedOrange}\text{RedOrange}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/a/c/2ac9ad9fbd882591f7971ff477880fe6.png" alt="\color{RedViolet}\text{RedViolet}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/7/d/27d615add22f24e5689271903afd2ea8.png" alt="\color{Rhodamine}\text{Rhodamine}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/e/2/6e26c2a826a4d55150b804f2e71444af.png" alt="\color{RoyalBlue}\text{RoyalBlue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/d/4/dd4a6069922baf4c048592b1bccef491.png" alt="\color{RoyalPurple}\text{RoyalPurple}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/7/1/771e441e86b10ef3db7b7cb90d9570d1.png" alt="\color{RubineRed}\text{RubineRed}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/2/0/1204c3c0547f50b71bda5357deba7948.png" alt="\color{Salmon}\text{Salmon}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/8/9/e897b90beb4e669c01a63c3d2ac2d954.png" alt="\color{SeaGreen}\text{SeaGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/3/b/e3b0037782599bf00cec26b758627e4b.png" alt="\color{Sepia}\text{Sepia}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/3/b/03bc1de1505a991d0f8c2db1a9211740.png" alt="\color{SkyBlue}\text{SkyBlue}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/d/7/4/d747177fd9554cc703043bf3dfeaad7d.png" alt="\pagecolor{Gray}\color{SpringGreen}\text{SpringGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/9/7/6975e0f90106c5e304d39dfebc6ad1d0.png" alt="\color{Tan}\text{Tan}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/b/1/2b19a41a6ca9691cdbd5fa9f15665d5a.png" alt="\color{TealBlue}\text{TealBlue}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/2/8/828c123619d3d3e078aa28bbb362c389.png" alt="\color{Thistle}\text{Thistle}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/d/b/edbea9eb14e35cbadb5e2df41afae369.png" alt="\color{Turquoise}\text{Turquoise}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/5/d/85da72dd0a892dd3364fefd94a14cf7c.png" alt="\color{Violet}\text{Violet}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/9/b/5/9b5d2430fd995e45f7974583ab86db0c.png" alt="\color{VioletRed}\text{VioletRed}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/a/e/b/aebc9cd09371478a17387abbc3b09c82.png" alt="\pagecolor{Black}\color{White}\text{White}"></span></td>


</tr>
<tr>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/0/9/6/0962e3794c0315fd26b9668555ebff1c.png" alt="\color{WildStrawberry}\text{WildStrawberry}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/6/f/0/6f08fd94fdd641d1e7398d6762ae2545.png" alt="\pagecolor{Gray}\color{Yellow}\text{Yellow}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/7/2/a/72a3756fa95c0da850b33ccb7b3e3900.png" alt="\color{YellowGreen}\text{YellowGreen}"></span></td>
<td><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/1/1/9/119eb093f2ffcbd3d77a13f55f185f52.png" alt="\color{YellowOrange}\text{YellowOrange}"></span></td>


</tr>


</tbody>


</table>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px"><sup>＊</sup>注︰输入时第一个字母必需以大写输入，如<code>\color{OliveGreen}</code>。</span></p>
<dl><dt><span style="font-size: 16px">例子</span></dt></dl>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>{\color{Blue}x^2}+{\color{Brown}2x} -{\color{OliveGreen}1}</code></span></li>


</ul>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/5/9/7/5974e571c8ac33bee928deb354b8b8ae.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} {\color{Blue}x^2}+{\color{Brown}2x} - {\color{OliveGreen}1}"></span></dd></dl>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px"><code>x_{\color{Maroon}1,2}=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{{\color{Maroon}b^2-4ac}}}{2a}</code></span></li>


</ul>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/8/b/f/8bf49316253beb52d292f7a6d4c075f8.png" alt="\pagecolor{White} x_{\color{Maroon}1,2}=\frac{-b\pm\sqrt{{\color{Maroon}b^2-4ac}}}{2a}"></span></dd></dl>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t26"></a><a name="t27" target="_blank"></a>小型数学公式</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">当要把分数等公式放进文字中的时候，我们需要使用小型的数学公式。</span></p>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">苹果原产于欧洲和中亚细亚。哈萨克的阿拉木图与新疆阿力麻里有苹果城的美誉。中国古代的林檎、柰、花红等水果被认为是中国土生苹果品种或与苹果相似的水果。苹果在中国的栽培记录可以追溯至西汉时期，汉武帝时，10的<img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/d/6/2d6f9a27a5f153f3e748db0e38afc071.png" alt="f(x)=5+\frac{1}{5}">&nbsp;是2。上林苑中曾栽培林檎和柰，当时多用于薰香衣裳等，亦有置于床头当香熏或置于衣服初作为香囊，总之一般不食用。但也有看法认为，林檎和柰是现在的沙果，曾被误认为苹果，真正意义上的苹果是元朝时期从中亚地区传入中国，当时只有在宫廷才可享用。</span></dd></dl>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/20px-X_mark.svg.png" alt="✗" width="20" height="23">并不好看。</span></li>


</ul>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">苹果原产于欧洲和中亚细亚。哈萨克的阿拉木图与新疆阿力麻里有苹果城的美誉。中国古代的林檎、柰、花红等水果被认为是中国土生苹果品种或与苹果相似的水果。苹果在中国的栽培记录可以追溯至西汉时期，汉武帝时，10的<img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/b/3/2b3879de51a23d29ce31650594c91cb6.png" alt="\begin{smallmatrix} f(x)=5+\frac{1}{5} \end{smallmatrix} ">&nbsp;是2。上林苑中曾栽培林檎和柰，当时多用于薰香衣裳等，亦有置于床头当香熏或置于衣服初作为香囊，总之一般不食用。但也有看法认为，林檎和柰是现在的沙果，曾被误认为苹果，真正意义上的苹果是元朝时期从中亚地区传入中国，当时只有在宫廷才可享用。</span></dd></dl>
<ul>
<li><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/20px-Yes_check.svg.png" alt="✓" width="20" height="20">好看些了。</span></li>


</ul>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">可以使用</span></p>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">   \begin{smallmatrix}...\end{smallmatrix}
</span></pre>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">或直接使用{{<a title="Template:Smallmath" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Smallmath" target="_blank">Smallmath</a>}}模板。</span></p>
<pre><span style="font-size: 16px">   {{Smallmath|f=  f(x)=5+\frac{1}{5} }}
</span></pre>
<h2><span style="font-size: 16px"><a name="t27"></a><a name="t28" target="_blank"></a>强制使用PNG</span></h2>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">假设我们现在需要一个<a title="PNG" href="http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/PNG" target="_blank">PNG</a>图的数学公式。</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">若输入&nbsp;<code>2x=1</code>&nbsp;的话︰</span></p>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/e/2/4/e24b7cbea4ac6526c7bf9687d7e61516.png" alt="2x=1"></span></dd></dl>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;　↑&nbsp;这并不是我们想要的。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">若你需要强制输出一个PNG图的数学公式的话，你可于公式的最后加上<code>\,</code>（小空格，但于公式的最后是不会显示出来）。</span></p>
<dl><dd><span style="font-size: 16px">输入&nbsp;<code>2x=1 \,</code>的话︰</span></dd><dd><span style="font-size: 16px"><img title="Texlive:&nbsp;<wbr>latex数学符号表(2)" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/math/2/3/7/237b4b59d46cd7db3d26d6c700550bbe.png" alt="2x=1 \,"></span></dd></dl>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;　↑&nbsp;以PNG图输出。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">你也可以使用&nbsp;<code>\,\!</code>，这个亦能强制使用PNG图像。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">　　阅读更多︰<a title="en:Help:Displaying a formula" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula#Forced_PNG_rendering" target="_blank">Help:Displayinga formula#Forced PNG rendering</a></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">|TeX各版本概述及基本约定，特殊字符|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+---------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">tex提供300多条基本排版命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">由D.E.Knuth1978年开发&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">plain tex：在tex基础上新定义600多条复合命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">AMS-TEX：美国数学会开发（amsmath宏包）排版的数学公式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">LATEX：L.Lamport（1985）编写，适合排版普通文章和书籍&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">LATEX2e：可加载amsmath宏包，目前最流行的TEX宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">版本：LATEX2.09--&gt;LATEX2e--&gt;LATEX3（开发中）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中文排版：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">CCT：科学院张林波&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TY（天元）：华师大肖刚、陈志杰教授开发&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">CJK：德国W.Lemberg开发，处理中日韩三国文字。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">发行版CTEX：集成了CCT，TY，CJK的MikTEX系统。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">ChinaTEX:内容涵盖MiKTeX系统及中文支持、常用外围软件、TeX\LaTeX文档和模板选萃等&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX中的长度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">mm毫米&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">cm厘米&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">in英寸＝2.54cm＝72.27pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pt点&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">em大写字母M的宽度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">ex小写字母x的高度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">弹性长度：根据需要自动伸缩&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">正常值plus伸展值minus收缩值&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">实际长度可超过正常值和伸展值之和，但不能小于正常值和收缩值之差&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[11pt]{article}%11pt字体，普通文章&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">%导言区，全局命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{CJK}%使用CJK宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{document}%主环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{CJK}{GBK}{song}%汉字必须放入CJK环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">%其它字体:song,kai,fs,hei,li,you&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">%CJK的两种环境CJK和CJK*&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">%GBK是采用的字符集：GB，GBK，Bg5，Gbt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Hi,This is my first \LaTeX file&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">祝贺你，MikTex和CJK安装成功了&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{CJK}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\ent{document}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">CJK和CJK*环境之间的切换&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\CJKspace和\CJKnospace&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\CJKtilde 重新定义～的长度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">基本约定&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">分组｛......｝&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">注释符：%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">西文标点后要加空格&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">各种环境的开始和结束命令最好独占一行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">换行:连续两个回车，一个仅为空格&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">输入特殊字符&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">前加\的有：#$%{}~_^&amp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\=\textbackslash&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">｜,&lt;,&gt;＝<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>|</mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-1" style="width: 0.35em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.25em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1000.15em, 2.631em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-2"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-3"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-4"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-5" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">|</span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.372em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo stretchy="false">|</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-1">|</script>,<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo>&amp;lt;</mo></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-6" style="width: 0.945em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.747em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.54em, 1000.65em, 2.433em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-7"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-8" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">&lt;</span></span><span style="display: 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\LaTeX \LaTeXe \AmS-\LaTeX(最后这个要amsmath宏包）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">单引号：`'(1键前面的）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">双引号：``"&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|段落、行距、水平间距、缩进命令|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">强制分行：\\或\\*[和下行间距离]、\newline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">建议分行：\linebreak[0-4，数越大建议力度越大]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\linebreak增加字间距，强制换行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\nolinebreak［n］建议不分行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\mbox｛内容｝内容保持在同一行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">分段：\par，或两个回车&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">分页：自动分页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">强制分页：\newpage&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">建议分页：\pagebreak［n］，\nopagebreak［n］&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">增加当前页高度有时可以避免难看的分页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\enlargethispage｛尺寸｝可增加的最大高度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\enlargethispage*｛尺寸｝指定增加高度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">水平间距：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\quad 插入空白相当于当前字体大小&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\qquad＝\quad×2&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\ ，＝\quad×3/18&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">~=???好象比\ 小&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hspace{宽度大小}，\hspace*{宽度大小}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hfill弹性长度：hspace{\hfill}插入空白，撑满整行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hphantom{文本内容},占据文本内容的宽度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\vphantom[文本内容},\phantom{文本内容}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">导引线：\dotfill，\hrulefill&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">垂直间距：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\vspace{高度}和\vspace*{高度}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\vfill：相当于\vspace{\fill}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\smallskip:--&gt;\vspace{\smallskipamount}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\medskip:--&gt;\vspace{\medskipamount}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigskip:--&gt;\vspace{\bigskipamount}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">段落首行缩进：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setlength{\parindent}{2em},2个M&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setlength{\parindent}{0pt},首行不缩进&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\CJKindent:两个汉字&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\indent与\noindent&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">每节的第一段首行不会自动缩进&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hspane{\parindent}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在导言区加入：\usepackage{indentfirst}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">段落间距：\lineskip+\parskip&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可用\setlength修改以上值&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">行距：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\baselineskip：相邻两行基线间距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\baselinestretch：伸展因子&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">修改改变行距：\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}[1.2]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">放在\begin{document}之后，字体尺寸改变时才生效&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|西文字体属性、及中文字体属性、命令|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">字体有5种属性&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">族：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\rmfamily：罗马字体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\sffamily：无衬线字体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\ttfamily：打字机字体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">形状：（shape）直立斜&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\upshape：直立&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\itshape：意大利斜体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\slshape：斜体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\scshape：小体大写&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">系列：（series）宽度黑度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\mdseries：中等权重（黑）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bfseries：粗体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\normalfont：默认字体，中等权重直立罗马字体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">西文尺寸：10pt，11pt，12pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\em强调，一般为斜体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">以上命令称为声明（无参数）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">每一声明对应字体命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">命令只对其参数中的文本起作用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">族：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\testrm{},\testsf{},\testtt{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">形状&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textup{},\textit{},\textsl{},\textsc{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">系列&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textmd{}，\textbf{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">默认值：\textnormal{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">强调：\emph{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">定义了基本尺寸后，可使用下面的声明来改变字体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\tiny&nbsp; 5pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\scriptsize 7pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\footnotesize 8pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\small&nbsp; 9pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\normalsize 10pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\large&nbsp; 12pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\Large&nbsp; 14.4pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\LARGE&nbsp; 17.28pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\huge&nbsp; 20.74pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\Huge&nbsp; 24.88pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">以上尺寸是基本尺寸为10pt时的大小&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所有西文字体命令对中文同样起作用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">italic和slanted斜体对中文一样&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中文书籍基本字号为5号约等于11pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用GBK编码时，可同时输入简繁体。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">自定义字体大小&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fontsize{字体尺寸}{行距}后面须加上\selectfont才生效&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可得到任意大小汉字，西文最大不能超\Huge&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">行距通常为字体大小的1.2-1.5倍&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">例：\fontsize{12pt}{\baselineskip}\selectfont&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{type1cm}任意大小西文&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">行距：\linespread{1.3}产生1.5倍行距，1.6产生双倍行距，效果夸张，不适合出版&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用下面方法：\setlength{\baselineskip}{1.5\baselineskip}{......}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">正文中更换字体：\CJKfamily{字体族}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">为方便，作以下自定义&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand*{\SONG}{\CJKfamily{song}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand*{\HEI}{\CJKfamily{hei}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand*{\KAI}{\CJKfamily{kai}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand*{\FS}{\CJKfamily{fs}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand*{\LI}{\CJKfamily{li}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand*{\YOU}{\CJKfamily{YOU}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">引用更改为宋体：\SONG 正文&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">文本居中&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">文本默认为左对齐&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">单行文本居中命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\centerline{....}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">多行使用\begin{center}环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">居中声明：\centering（不建议使用）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|参考文献环境|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{thebibliography}{编号样本}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bibitem[记号]{引用标志} 文献条目&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bibitem[记号]{引用标志} 文献条目&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{thebibliography}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bibitem[省略为方括号数字]{不可省由字母，数字和，号外符号组成，各个文献互不相&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">同} 文献条目&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">编号样本，指定记号的宽度，一般为数字&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">引用文献时用\cite{引用标志1，引用标志2}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">调节各文献间距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setlength{\itemsep}{高度}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">标题缺省为左对齐Reference&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">（\Large\bfseries）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">由\refname值确定&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">书籍参考文献标题由\bibname值确定&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">文献条目包含：作者，标题，出版社，年代，版本，页码&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一行放不下，后面自动缩进，距离为“编号样本”宽度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">| 脚&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 注 |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\footnote{脚注内容}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">article文档，整篇同一编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">book和report文档，每章统一编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">| 文档类别、章节 |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[可选项]{article,book,report,letter,只能选一种}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">article 短篇文章&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">report 长篇报告，可分章&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">book （书）可含chapter，奇偶页采用不同处理&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可选项对整篇文档起作用，使用多个选项互不排斥，用逗号分隔&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">基本字体：10pt，11pt，12pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">纸张大小：letterpaper，a4paper，a5paper...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">排版方向：portrait（竖向），landscape（横向）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">标题页：titlepage，notitlepage&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">final和draft&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">指定纸张大小（只有latex2e中使用）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">letterpaper（11*8.5in）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">legalpaper（14*8.5in）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">executivepaper（10.5*7.25in）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">a4paper（29.7*21cm）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">a5paper（21*14.8cm）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">b5paper（25*17.6cm）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">默认值是letterpaper，美国信纸尺寸，纵向&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">landscape 横向&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">章节命令：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\part,\chapter,\section,\subsection,\subsubsection,\paragraph,\subparagraph&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\命令[短标题]{标题},用于显示在目录和页眉&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\命令*{标题}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">层次号：book中\part为-1（article中为0），\chapter为0，....&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">book类&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\part，\chapter独立编号，只出现在奇数页，\part独占一页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\section，\subsection 关联编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">article类&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\part，\section独立编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\subsection，\subsubsection 关联编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">星号章节不参加自动编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\part和\chapter标题占两行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">标题中文化&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand{\partname}{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand{\thepart}{第\，\Roman{part}}\,篇}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">修改编号最深层次&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setcounter{secnumberdepth}{数}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">secnumberdepth，book类-2～5，缺省为2，-2时取消编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">article类-1～5，缺省为3&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">自动编号章节对应计数器&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">part，chapter，section，bsection,subsubsection,paragraph,subparagraph&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">修改计数器值：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setcounter{计数器名}{数}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;TeX的版式首先是文件版式, 也就是我们接触的第一个最最最&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">简单的TeX文档中的第一句:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \documentstyle[选项1,选项2,...]{格式}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">其中的[]及选项是可选的, 而{格式}是必需的. LaTeX有以下几种&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">格式: article(文章), report(报告), book(书), letter(信件).&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">CCT对前面三种进行了汉化, 分别是carticle, creport和cbook.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">常用的选项有&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; 10pt/11pt/12pt: 定义基准字号, 缺省10pt.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; twoside: 两面印刷格式, 因奇偶页装订位置不同而异, 缺省为&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 单页.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; twocolumn: 双栏排版, 缺省为单栏.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; titlepage: 仅在article格式使用, 它是\maketile产生一个单&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 独的文章题目页, 同时abstract也产生单独页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; leqno: 使公式标号出现在左边, 缺省在右&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; fleqn: 公式左对齐, 缺省中间对齐&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; thesis: 专用于毕业论文排版&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; IEEE: 专向IEEE类杂志投稿的格式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; IFTHEN: 排版计算机程序&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\columnsep 指定两栏间距&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\columnseprule 两栏间竖线宽度，默认为0。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\mathindent 选择fleqn时 左边界的缩进量&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">以上参数修改用\setlength{\mathindent}{2.5cm}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; LaTeX的一个页面有页眉(head, 通常是杂志名, 卷号, 当前&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">章节名等), 主体(body, 正文, 包括脚注及图表), 页脚(通常是&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">页码, 如果页码放在页眉处, 则页脚可能是空的). 我们用下面的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">指令控制页版面:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \pagestyle{参数}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">参数可以是&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; plain: 页码在页脚居中, 页眉空白, 为article, report的缺省&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; empty: 页眉页脚都空白&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; heading: 页脚为空, 页眉为正文的章节信息及页码&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; myheadings: 自定义页眉, 内容由&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \markboth{left_head}{right_head}&nbsp;&nbsp; (双面twoside排版)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp; 或\markright{right_head}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (单面排版)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \pagestyle是对全文有效的, 而如果要定义某页的页面格式,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">则可用\thispagestyle, 用法同上, 下一页自动恢复原设置.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里提到页码, 我们经常会修改页码的表现格式, 可能用阿&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">拉伯数字或罗马数字等, 则修改\pagenumbering{参数}, 这里参&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">数可以是arabic(阿拉伯数字), roman(小写罗马数字: i, ii, iii,)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Roman(大写罗马数字: I, II, III,), alph(小写英文: a, b, c,),&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Alph(大写英文: A, B, C). 如果需要更改某页的页码, 则用修改&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">计数器命令: \setcounter{page}{数字}, 这里page是页码计数器.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|*修改版面的命令*|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX中还经常会在\documentstyle和\begin{document}之间&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">常用到很多修改版面尺寸的命令. 如未指明, 这些命令的格式都&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是用\para_name=newvalue的格式.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \texwidth, \texheight 主要正文body的宽度和高度, 不包括页眉页脚&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \oddsidemargin, \evensidemargin 奇数/偶数页, 纸张左边缘&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 到页body左边缘的距离减去一英寸&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \topmargin 纸张上边缘到页眉或body(无页眉时)的距离减去一&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 英寸&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \marginparwidth 页边注(marginnote)的宽度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \marginparsep 正文边缘到页边注边缘的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \headheight 页眉高度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \headsep 页眉底部到页主体顶部的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \footheight 页脚高度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \footskip 页正文最后一行底到页脚底的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(建议, 总把&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\oddsizemargin（奇数页的左边界）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\evensidemargin（偶数页的左边界）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\topmargin（从上页边到页眉的距离）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">设为0cm;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如果没用页眉, 将&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\headheight（页眉高度）,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">headsep（页眉基线到正文顶部的距离）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">设为0cm;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如果没用页脚, 将&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\footheight（已过时latex2e中已被去掉）,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\footskip（正文底部到页脚底部的距离）设为0cm,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这样便于在输出时直接利用驱动程序的功能控制版心的位置.)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\columnsep 双栏article中, 左右栏间空白的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\columnseprule 双栏article中, 左右栏间分隔线的宽度, 缺省 为零, 即没有线&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">以下参数的修改可以在\begin{document}的前面和后面:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \parskip 段落之间除了空出正常行距外额外空出的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \parindent 段首空白的长度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \footnotesep 两个注脚之间的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \baselineskip 正文中前一行底和第二行底的距离, 会因字号的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 改变自动改变.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 另外, 定义行距还有一个特殊的参数, 那是\baselinestretch,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">它是用在\begin{document}前的全局变量, 修改格式如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand\baselinestretch{倍数}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 缺省时为1.0, 因此&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">LaTeX中最小行距是\baselineskip乘上\baselinestretch得到的.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">| 文档标题、摘要 |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\title{标题可有\\换行}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\author{作者名可用and分开}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\date{日期可选，无命令自动当天日期，空白选项不显示}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\thanks{}可出现\maketitle以上任何位置，或几个\thanks&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\maketitle&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">LaTex用特定字体、号居中输出&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">自定义标题环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{titlepage}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{titlepage}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">生成标题独占一页，并重置页码计数器&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">摘要环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begi{abstract}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{abstract}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">book类没有摘要&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">摘要标题中文化&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand{abstractname}{摘\qquad 要}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;+----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 本节内容: 三种数学环境, 数学环境中字体和字号, 数&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 学公式中的空格, 上下标, 分式, \displaystyle, 大&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 大小小的括号, 根式, 导数.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">导言区加入数学公式宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{latexsym}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{bm}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{amsmsth}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{amssymb}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">也可以等&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{latexsym,bm,amsmsth,amssymb}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 到这里, 大家就已经能输入一篇完整的一般文章了, 但是科&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">技文章总少不了数学公式, 而且大家选择TeX作为排版工具, 其中&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个原因也是看中了它美观的公式编排, 现在我们就来看看和一&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">般正文不一样的公式.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TeX提供三种有关数学公式的环境, 一种是"文中公式", 通过&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" tabindex="0" style="position: relative;" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6216;</mo></mrow><mtext mathcolor=&quot;red&quot;>\(</mtext><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x8FDB;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5165;</mo></mrow><mo>&amp;quot;</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6570;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5B66;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x73AF;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5883;</mo></mrow><mo>&amp;quot;</mo><mo>,</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x901A;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x8FC7;</mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-15" style="width: 13.247em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 10.518em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.292em, 1010.52em, 2.631em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-16"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-17"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-18"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-19"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">或</span></span></span></span><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-20" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; color: red;">\(</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-21"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-22"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-23"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">进</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-24"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-25"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-26"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">入</span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-27" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">"</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-28" style="padding-left: 0.3em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-29"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-30"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">数</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-31"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-32"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-33"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">学</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-34"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-35"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-36"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">环</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-37"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-38"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-39"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">境</span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-40" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">"</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-41" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-42" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-43"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-44"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">通</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-45"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-46"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-47"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">过</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.372em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.441em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>或</mo></mrow><mtext mathcolor="red">\(</mtext><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>进</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>入</mo></mrow><mo>"</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>数</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>学</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>环</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>境</mo></mrow><mo>"</mo><mo>,</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>通</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>过</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-5">或\(进入"数学环境", 通过</script>或\)来结束数学环境的; 第二种是&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">"独立公式", 用$$或\[进入"显示数学环境"(以后我们统称数学环&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">境), 用$$或\]退出, 在正文, 它是独占一行的, 它排出的字体要&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">稍微比文中公式要大些; 第三种是带公式标号的数学公式: "方程",&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这个以后我们详细再讲. 数学环境是自动根据当前字号来调整公式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中字的大小的.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 数学环境中, 缺省字体是数学斜体(显示出来和意大利体一样),&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">因此如果要用到正文, 需要改变字体或使用盒子, 如我们要输出&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">"y=x, if x&gt;0,"这一句, 其中的"y=0"和"x&gt;0"应该是数学公式(虽&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">然不进入数学环境也能输), 而"if"却属于正文内容, 因此不应该&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用数学斜体显示, 而应该用"<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>i</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>f</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&amp;gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-48" style="width: 7.542em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.955em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.391em, 1005.9em, 2.582em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-49"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-50" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-51" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-52" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.3em;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-53" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-54" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-55"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-56" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">i</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-57" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-58" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-59" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">&gt;</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-60" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">0</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.253em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-6">y=x, {\rm if} x>0</script>"或用盒子:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">"<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-7-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mstyle displaystyle=&quot;false&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;><mtext>if&amp;#xA0;</mtext></mstyle><mi>x</mi><mo>&amp;gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-61" style="width: 7.79em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 6.153em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.391em, 1006.1em, 2.582em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-62"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-63" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-64" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-65" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.3em;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-66" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-67" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-68"><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-69" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">if&nbsp;</span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-70" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-71" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">&gt;</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-72" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">0</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.253em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>,</mo><mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"><mtext>if&nbsp;</mtext></mstyle><mi>x</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-7">y=x, \mbox{if } x>0</script>", 但这里还要注意的是, 数学环境中忽&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">略一切空格(当然分隔命令的空格除外), 因此第一种输入可以发现,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">if和x&gt;0之间没有我们想要的空格, 而第二种输入方式由于在\mbox{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中if后加了一个空格, 所以if和x&gt;0有一个空格, 这正是我们想要&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的. 因此标准的输入方法一般用后者. 而且, 前者的方法对汉字&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">就不适用, 因为汉字不能出现在数学环境中, 而用盒子框起来就&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">没问题了. 这里再多说一句的是, 数学环境中不能使用字号命令,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如果需要改变字号, 应该在数学环境之外改变, 而数学环境自动&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">根据当前字号调整字的大小.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 上面已经提到数学环境中忽略任何空白字符, 那么, 怎么在&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">公式中输出空格呢? 当然我们可以用以前讲过的\quad或hskip来&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">空出横向空格等, 但是如果我们要输出诸如"fdx"(这里dx是微分),&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这样在f和dx中要有一个小空格, 用\quad显然太大了, hskip根本&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">不知道该空出多大距离. 在公式中, 常用的几个调整距离的命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是"\,"(小距离), "\:"(中距离), "\;"(大距离), "\!"(负距离),&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">象刚才说的例子, 我们一般就用<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-8-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>f</mi><mspace width=&quot;thinmathspace&quot; /><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-73" style="width: 2.284em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.788em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1001.74em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-74"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-75" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span class="mspace" id="MathJax-Span-76" style="height: 0em; vertical-align: 0em; width: 0.151em; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden;"></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-77" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-78" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.253em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mspace width="thinmathspace"></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-8">f\,dx</script>即可. 当然, 一般情况我&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">们很少改变数学公式中的距离.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 下面我们看看如何在数学公式中输入上下标, 在讲TeX保留字&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">时大家就有印象了, 上下标分别用"^"和"_"来表示, 如<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-9-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-79" style="width: 1.292em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001em, 2.631em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-80"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-81"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-82" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.363em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-83" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.718em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-84" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">0</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.434em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.566em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mi>x</mi><mn>0</mn><mn>2</mn></msubsup></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-9">x_0^2</script>,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX中, 先输上标后输下标和先写下标再写上标是没有区别的, 它&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">都会一样地自动调整字符大小和位置. 如果上下标的字符不止一&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">个, 那就用"{}"括起来, 如<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-10-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msup><mi>x</mi><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><msup><mi>y</mi><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msup></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-85" style="width: 3.574em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.83em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.094em, 1002.83em, 2.334em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-86"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-87"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.83em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-88" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.363em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-89"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-90"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-91" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-92" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">+</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-93"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.292em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1000.35em, 4.318em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-94" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.263em; left: 0.399em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-95"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-96"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-97" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-98" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-99" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.316em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>x</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><msup><mi>y</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></msup></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-10">x^{1+y^{i+1}}</script>. 如果有人突然想在&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">字符的左边输上下标呢? 简单的方法是在前面加一个空的{}, 如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-11-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msubsup><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>17</mn></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>35</mn></mrow></msubsup><mi>C</mi><mi>l</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-100" style="width: 2.334em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.838em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.193em, 1001.79em, 2.681em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-101"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-102"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.796em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.872em, 1000em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-103"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-104"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.8em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.363em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-105"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-106"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-107" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">35</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.375em, 1000.8em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.718em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-108"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-109"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-110" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">17</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-111" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">C<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-112" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">l</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.497em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.566em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>17</mn></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>35</mn></mrow></msubsup><mi>C</mi><mi>l</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-11">{}_{17}^{35}Cl</script>, 哦, 可能不是用的数学斜体, 那只好再用盒&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">子了: <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-12-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msubsup><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>17</mn></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>35</mn></mrow></msubsup><mstyle displaystyle=&quot;false&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;><mtext>Cl</mtext></mstyle></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-113" style="width: 2.284em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.788em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001.79em, 2.731em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-114"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-115"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.796em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.872em, 1000em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-116"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-117"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.8em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.363em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-118"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-119"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-120" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">35</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.375em, 1000.8em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.718em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-121"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-122"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-123" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">17</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-124"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-125"><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-126" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">Cl</span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.497em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.566em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>17</mn></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>35</mn></mrow></msubsup><mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="0"><mtext>Cl</mtext></mstyle></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-12">{}_{17}^{35}\mbox{Cl}</script>.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 有时我们可能直接用1/2来表示分数就可以了, 但是如果分子&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">分母我们想要排在分数线的上下, 那就要用"\frac{分子}{分母}"&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">来表示了, 如<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-13-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-127" style="width: 3.326em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.631em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.697em, 1002.63em, 3.078em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-128"><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-129"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.383em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.246em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-130" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.18em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -3.321em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.138em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-131"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-132" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-133" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-134" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.38em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.383em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.997em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 2.816em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-13">\frac{1}{x+1}</script>. 但是大家如果再把这个例子用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">单<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-14-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x62EC;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x8D77;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x505A;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6587;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4E2D;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x516C;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5F0F;</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6216;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x8005;</mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-135" style="width: 9.774em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 7.741em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.292em, 1007.74em, 2.582em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-136"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-137"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-138"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-139"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">括</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-140"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-141"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-142"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">起</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-143"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-144"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-145"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">做</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-146"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-147"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-148"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">文</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-149"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-150"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-151"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">中</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-152"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-153"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-154"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">公</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-155"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-156"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-157"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">式</span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-158" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-159" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-160"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-161"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">或</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-162"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-163"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-164"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">者</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>括</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>起</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>做</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>文</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>中</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>公</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>式</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>或</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>者</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-14">括起做文中公式, 或者</script><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-15-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-165" style="width: 5.508em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 4.368em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.647em, 1004.37em, 2.879em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-166"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-167" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-168" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-169" style="padding-left: 0.3em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.284em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.18em, 4.516em, -999.998em); top: -4.759em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.089em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-170"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-171" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-172" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">−</span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-173"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.044em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.524em, 1000.2em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.363em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.146em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-174" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.524em, 1000.89em, 4.219em, -999.998em); top: -3.718em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.444em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-175"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-176" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-177" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-178" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1001.04em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.188em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 1.044em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.19em, 4.318em, -999.998em); top: -3.619em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.642em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-179"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-180" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-181" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-182" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.28em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.284em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.684em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 2.566em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>−</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-15">y=\frac{y-\frac{1}{x+1}}{y+1}</script>$,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">就会发现, 这个分式显示出来觉得比正常字号小, 要解决这个问&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">题就要用\displaystyle的命令了. 你可以试试&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-16-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>&amp;#x2212;</mo><mstyle displaystyle=&quot;true&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></mstyle></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-183" style="width: 8.137em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 6.451em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(-0.494em, 1006.45em, 3.276em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-184"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-185" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-186" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-187" style="padding-left: 0.3em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 4.417em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(2.532em, 1004.27em, 4.913em, -999.998em); top: -5.255em; left: 50%; margin-left: -2.13em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-188"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-189" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-190" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">−</span><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-191" style="padding-left: 0.201em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-192"><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-193"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.383em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.246em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-194" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.18em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -3.321em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.138em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-195"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-196" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-197" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-198" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.38em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.383em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.09em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -3.321em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.089em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-199"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-200" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-201" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-202" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1004.42em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 4.417em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.184em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 4.503em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>−</mo><mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></mstyle></mrow><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-16">y=\frac{y-\displaystyle\frac{1}{x+1}}{y+1}</script>, 可以了吧.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">当然, 如果你在\documentstyle中使用了vatola选项(需要TeX系&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">统在指定目录有vatola.sty文件), 那么, 你可以直接用\dfrac来&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">代替\frac来达到同样的效果, 而避免使用冗长的\displaystyle&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的输入.(格式如\documentstyle[vatola]{article}; 而如果用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass{article}, 则用\usepackage{vatola}); 或二&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">者均可以在第一句后面加上\input vatola.sty来包含这个包)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 有人可能又要问了, 如果我输出的分数, 分子还是有分子分&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">母的分数, 分母也是一个不简单的分数, 那层层迭迭的分数线,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">不够美观, 我还是喜欢"分子/分母"的格式, 那怎么把这条斜分数&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">线画得长一些呢? 这里就要用到所谓的"定界符", 也就是成对出&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">现的类似于括号的符号了, 如(), [], {}(用\{和\}输入), &lt;&gt;(用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\langle和\rangle输入), /, \(用\backslash), |, ||(用\|);&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">以及另一些没法直接显示的符号, 大家自己用TeX产生出来看看:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">$\lfloor, \rfloor; \lceil, \rceil; \uparrow; \Uparrow;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\downarrow; \Downarrow; \updownarrow; \Updownarrow$. 这些&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">"括号"通常嵌套并和分数等数学公式一起使用, 如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-17-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-203" style="width: 10.221em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 8.088em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.548em, 1007.99em, 3.127em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-204"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-205" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-206" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-207" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">1</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-208" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-209" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">(</span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-210"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 3.574em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.028em, 1003.48em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.734em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-211"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-212" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">(</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-213" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-214" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-215" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-216"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.796em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1000.3em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-217" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.363em; left: 0.399em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-218" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1001em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.271em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.494em;"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-219"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-220" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.313em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-221" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1003.57em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 3.574em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-222" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.997em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-17">y=1+(\frac{(x+1)^2}{x^2})</script>, 当然大家会看到这外层括号太&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">小, 不美观, 因此TeX提供了几个改变大小的命令, 从小到大依次&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是\big, \Big, \bigg, \Bigg, 如$$(, \big(, \Big(, \bigg(,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\Bigg($$, 其它定界符类似使用. 另外, TeX还提供了自动调整括&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">号大小的命令, 那就是在定界符前加\left和\right, 需要注意的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是\left和\right一定要成对出现, 如果只用单个, 那么另一边就&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">要用"\left."或"\right."补上. 知道这些后, 我们就可以来输入&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">长的"/"号了: <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-18-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mrow><mo fence=&quot;true&quot; stretchy=&quot;true&quot; symmetric=&quot;true&quot;>/</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo fence=&quot;true&quot; stretchy=&quot;true&quot; symmetric=&quot;true&quot;></mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-223" style="width: 7.691em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 6.104em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.788em, 1006.1em, 4.467em, -999.998em); top: -3.371em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-224"><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-225"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.383em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.246em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-226" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.18em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -3.321em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.138em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-227"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-228" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-229" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-230" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.38em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.383em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-231"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-232" style="vertical-align: 0em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size3;">/</span></span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-233"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.284em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.09em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.089em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-234"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-235" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-236" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-237" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1001em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.271em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.494em;"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-238"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-239" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.313em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-240" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.28em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.284em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-241"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.375em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.247em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.128em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true">/</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true"></mo></mrow></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-18">\frac{1}{x+1} \left/ \frac{y+1}{x^2} \right.</script>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">或<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-19-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow><mo fence=&quot;true&quot; stretchy=&quot;true&quot; symmetric=&quot;true&quot;></mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo fence=&quot;true&quot; stretchy=&quot;true&quot; symmetric=&quot;true&quot;>/</mo></mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-242" style="width: 7.939em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 6.302em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.788em, 1006.3em, 4.467em, -999.998em); top: -3.371em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-243"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-244"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-245"></span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-246"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.383em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.246em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-247" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.18em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -3.321em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.138em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-248"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-249" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-250" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-251" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.38em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.383em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-252" style="vertical-align: 0em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size3;">/</span></span></span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-253" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.284em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1002.09em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -1.089em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-254"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-255" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-256" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-257" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">1</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1001em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.271em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.494em;"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-258"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-259" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.313em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-260" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.846em, 1002.28em, 1.193em, -999.998em); top: -1.238em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0em; border-top: 1.3px solid; width: 2.284em; height: 0px;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 1.044em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.375em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.247em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.128em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow><mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true"></mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo fence="true" stretchy="true" symmetric="true">/</mo></mrow><mfrac><mrow><mi>y</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-19">\left. \frac{1}{x+1} \right/ \frac{y+1}{x^2}</script>, 这两个&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是不是比$$\frac{\displaystyle\frac{1}{x+1}}{\displaystyle&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\frac{y+1}{x^2}}$$更令人满意啊?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 下面, 我们来讲讲根式的输入: "\sqrt[开方次数]{表达式}",&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">其中[开方次数]可选参数, 如果没有则是开平方, 如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-20-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mroot><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></mroot><mo>+</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-261" style="width: 7.245em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.756em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.292em, 1005.76em, 2.83em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-262"><span class="mroot" id="MathJax-Span-263"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 3.227em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.276em, 1002.24em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.995em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-264"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-265" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-266" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-267" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">y<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1002.18em, 3.921em, -999.998em); top: -4.511em; left: 0.995em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.185em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Main; top: -4.015em; left: -0.097em;">−<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Main; top: -4.015em; left: 1.491em;">−<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.449em;">−<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.995em;">−<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.028em, 1001.04em, 4.516em, -999.998em); top: -3.916em; left: 0em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size1;">√</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.524em, 1000.25em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.313em; left: 0.399em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-268" style="font-size: 50%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-269" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="msqrt" id="MathJax-Span-270" style="padding-left: 0.201em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.342em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.227em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.846em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-271"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-272" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1000.5em, 3.921em, -999.998em); top: -4.511em; left: 0.846em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">–</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.078em, 1000.85em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">√</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.622em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.691em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mroot><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></mroot><mo>+</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-20">\sqrt[3]{x+y}+\sqrt{2}</script>.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 而导数, 也就是在字母右上方加一撇或两撇的输出, 我们常用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-21-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><msup><mi>f</mi><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi class=&quot;MJX-variant&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x2032;</mi></mrow></msup></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-273" style="width: 1.143em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1000.89em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-274"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-275"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1000.55em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-276" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.412em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-277"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-278"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-279" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">′</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><msup><mi>f</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi class="MJX-variant" mathvariant="normal">′</mi></mrow></msup></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-21">f^{\prime}</script>和<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-22-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><msup><mi>f</mi><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi class=&quot;MJX-variant&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x2032;</mi><mi class=&quot;MJX-variant&quot; mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x2032;</mi></mrow></msup></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-280" style="width: 1.391em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.094em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001.09em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-281"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-282"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.094em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1000.55em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-283" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.412em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-284"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-285"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-286" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">′</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-287" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">′</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><msup><mi>f</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi class="MJX-variant" mathvariant="normal">′</mi><mi class="MJX-variant" mathvariant="normal">′</mi></mrow></msup></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-22">f^{\prime\prime}</script>来表示, 或更简单地, 用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-23-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><msup><mi>f</mi><mo>&amp;#x2032;</mo></msup></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-288" style="width: 1.143em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1000.89em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-289"><span class="msup" id="MathJax-Span-290"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1000.55em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-291" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.412em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-292" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">′</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><msup><mi>f</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-23">f'</script>和<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-24-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><msup><mi>f</mi><mo>&amp;#x2033;</mo></msup></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-293" style="width: 1.391em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.094em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001.09em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-294"><span class="msup" id="MathJax-Span-295"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.094em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1000.55em, 4.368em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-296" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.412em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-297" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">′′</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><msup><mi>f</mi><mo>″</mo></msup></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-24">f''</script>来表示.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 本节内容: 数学符号: 希腊字母, 二元运算符, 关系运&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 算符, 箭头, 其它符号, 可用于一般环境的符号, 花体&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 符号及函数名, 可变大小的符号, \limits和\nolimits, |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 省略号, 符号的上下堆积, 上下标的分行&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TeX提供了许多"控制符号"来得到诸如希腊字母, 关系运算符,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">箭头等无法用ASCII键盘直接输入的符号. 小写希腊字母, 如\alpha,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\beta, \gamma, \pi; 大写希腊字母, 如\Gamma, \Pi, \Omega;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">二元运算符, 如\times(乘号), \div(除号), \pm(加减号), \circ&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(小圆圈), \cdot(点)等; 关系运算符, 如\leq(小于等于), \geq&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(大于等于), \subset(包含于), \supset(包含), \in(属于); 否&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">定关系运算符, 如\not=(不等于), \not&lt;(不小于), \not\supset&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(不包含); 箭头, \leftarrow, \rightarrow, \longrightarrow,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\uparrow, \mapto等; 其它符号, \nabla(Nabla算子), \angle(角),&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\infty(无穷), \forall(任意), \exists(存在), \prime(导数的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">撇). 这些符号比较多, 这里就不细细一一列出, 大家去找一本TeX&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">书, 复印那两三页下来就可以了.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 本节讲的绝大多数符号都只能在数学环境中使用, 有几个符号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">也可以使用在一般环境中, 那是\S(节号), \P(段落号), \dag(剑&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">号), \ddag(双剑号).&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 有时数学公式中的函数名, 算子等要用特别的花体来排版,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX提供了\cal字体, 如"function <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-25-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi class=&quot;MJX-tex-caligraphic&quot; mathvariant=&quot;script&quot;>F</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-298" style="width: 0.995em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.796em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1000.8em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-299"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-300" style="font-family: MathJax_Caligraphic;">F<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.102em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.122em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">F</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-25">\cal F</script>". 而对于专有名词,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如一些函数名, 如sin x中的sin, 就要用罗马体, 而不是一般的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">数学斜体排印, 我们可以用<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-26-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>s</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>i</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>n</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-301" style="width: 2.284em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.788em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.441em, 1001.74em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-302"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-303"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-304"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-305" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">s</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-306" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">i</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-307" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">n</span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-308" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">i</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-26">{\rm sin}x</script>, 也可以用TeX提供的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">直接在函数名前加"\"的方法: <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-27-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mi>sin</mi><mo>&amp;#x2061;</mo><mi>x</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-309" style="width: 2.433em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.937em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.441em, 1001.89em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-310"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-311" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">sin</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-312"></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-313" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.151em;">x</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mi>sin</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-27">\sin x</script>, 一般的函数均有定义,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如\sin, \cos, \lim, \log等.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 数学环境中, 还有一类特殊的符号, 那就是可变大小符号, 如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">求和号, 积分号, 它们会因为符号后面的内容的大小自动调整自己&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的大小: \sum, \prod, \coprod, \int, \oint, \bigcap, \bigcup,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigsqcup, \bigvee, \bigwedge, \bigodot, \bigotimes,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bigoplus, \biguplus. 需要注意的是, 有些可变符号的上下标位&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">置在文中公式和独立公式中是不一样的, 大家看个例子:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-28-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><munderover><mo>&amp;#x2211;</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>&amp;#x222B;</mo><mn>0</mn><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x221E;</mi></msubsup><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-314" style="width: 11.758em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 9.328em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1009.28em, 2.731em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-315"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-316"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.284em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1001em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-317" style="font-family: MathJax_Size1; vertical-align: 0em;">∑</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1000.5em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.511em; left: 1.044em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-318" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">n</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.24em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.718em; left: 1.044em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-319"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-320"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-321" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-322" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">=</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-323" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-324" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-325" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-326" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-327" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-328" style="padding-left: 0.3em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.491em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.078em, 1000.6em, 4.467em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-329" style="font-family: MathJax_Size1; vertical-align: 0em;">∫<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.151em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1000.8em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.561em; left: 0.697em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-330" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">∞</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.668em; left: 0.499em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-331" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">0</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-332" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.151em;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-333" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">(</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-334" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-335" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-336" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-337" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.497em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.628em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>0</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi></msubsup><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-28">\sum_{i=1}^n x_i=\int_0^\infty f(x)dx</script>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-29-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><munderover><mo>&amp;#x2211;</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>&amp;#x222B;</mo><mn>0</mn><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x221E;</mi></msubsup><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-338" style="width: 11.213em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 8.881em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.499em, 1008.83em, 3.574em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-339"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-340"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.441em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(2.929em, 1001.39em, 4.616em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-341" style="font-family: MathJax_Size2; vertical-align: 0em;">∑</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.09em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -2.924em; left: 0.151em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-342"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-343"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-344" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-345" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">=</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-346" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.475em, 1000.4em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -5.156em; left: 0.499em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-347" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">n</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-348" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-349" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-350" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-351" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">=</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-352" style="padding-left: 0.3em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.887em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(2.532em, 1000.95em, 5.012em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-353" style="font-family: MathJax_Size2; vertical-align: 0.002em;">∫<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.399em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1000.8em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -5.107em; left: 1.094em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-354" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">∞</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.45em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.123em; left: 0.548em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-355" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">0</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-356" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.151em;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-357" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">(</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-358" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-359" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-360" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-361" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.559em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.628em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><munderover><mo>∑</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>n</mi></munderover><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mo>∫</mo><mn>0</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">∞</mi></msubsup><mi>f</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo><mi>d</mi><mi>x</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-29">\sum_{i=1}^n x_i=\int_0^\infty f(x)dx</script>, 这里大家看到,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\sum在文中公式中, 上下标是写在右上角和右下角的, 在独立公式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中, 是写在上面和下面的; 而\int在二者中都写在右上角和右下角&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的. 我们可以强制用\limits和\nolimits来控制上下标的出现位置:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用方法如<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-30-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><munderover><mo movablelimits=&quot;false&quot;>&amp;#x2211;</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>b</mi></munderover><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-362" style="width: 2.78em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.185em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.499em, 1002.18em, 3.326em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-363"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-364"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.143em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1001em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.052em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-365" style="font-family: MathJax_Size1; vertical-align: 0em;">∑</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.09em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -3.123em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-366"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-367"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-368" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-369" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">=</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-370" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.276em, 1000.3em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.958em; left: 0.449em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-371" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">b</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-372" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-373" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-374" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.316em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munderover><mo movablelimits="false">∑</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mi>b</mi></munderover><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-30">\sum\limits_{i=1}^b x_i</script>就强制将上下标写在上边&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和下边, 而\nolimits使其出现在右边角上. 这里多说一句, 如果&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">你想把一般的操作符也想用\limits或\nolimits用, 只须把你的操&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">作符用\mathop{}括起来即可.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 大家如果编排矩阵或行列式, 就会遇到特别的省略号, 大家试&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">试\cdots, \vdots, \ddots就是三个方向的省略号. 而\ldots是比&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\cdots低一点的省略号, 它和其它三个不同的是也可以用在正文环&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">境中. \ldots一般用于<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-31-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>&amp;#x2026;</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-375" style="width: 7.195em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.707em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.639em, 1005.71em, 2.582em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-376"><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-377"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-378" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-379" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-380" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-381" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-382" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-383" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-384" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-385" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.151em;">…</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-386" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.151em;">,</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-387" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.094em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-388" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-389" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">n</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-31">x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n</script>这样的时候.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 排版数学公式可能还会遇到需要把两个符号上下组合在一起,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">最常见的就是上划线和下划线, 大家试试<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-32-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mover><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo accent=&quot;false&quot;>&amp;#x00AF;</mo></mover></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-390" style="width: 6.897em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.459em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.995em, 1005.46em, 2.433em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-391"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-392"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.459em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1005.46em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-393"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-394" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">a</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-395" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-396" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">b</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-397" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-398" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">c</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-399" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-400" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.375em, 1005.41em, 3.772em, -999.998em); top: -4.511em; left: 0.052em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-401" style=""><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.409em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: -0.047em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 5.112em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.151em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.35em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.548em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.747em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.945em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.143em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.342em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.54em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.739em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.937em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.135em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.334em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.532em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.731em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.979em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.177em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.375em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.574em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.772em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.971em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.169em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.368em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.566em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.764em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.963em;"><span style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">¯</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.184em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.503em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mover><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo accent="false">¯</mo></mover></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-32">\overline{a+b+c+d}</script>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-33-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><munder><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>&amp;#x005F;</mo></munder></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-402" style="width: 6.897em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.459em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1005.46em, 2.631em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-403"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-404"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.459em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1005.46em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-405"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-406" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">a</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-407" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-408" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">b</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-409" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-410" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">c</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-411" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-412" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.574em, 1005.46em, 3.921em, -999.998em); top: -3.47em; left: -0.047em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-413" style=""><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.459em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Main; top: -4.015em; left: 0em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Main; top: -4.015em; left: 4.963em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.399em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.796em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.243em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.639em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.086em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.483em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 2.879em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.326em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.723em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.169em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Main; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.566em;">–<span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.434em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><munder><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>_</mo></munder></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-33">\underline{a+b+c+d}</script>, 这里需要说明的是, \overline只能&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用于数学环境, 而\underline也可以用在正文中. 类似地还有用花&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">括号括在式子上下的: <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-34-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits&quot;><mover><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits&quot;><munder><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo>&amp;#x23DF;</mo></munder></mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>&amp;#x23DE;</mo></mover></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-414" style="width: 6.699em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.31em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.697em, 1005.31em, 3.127em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-415"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-416"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-417"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-418"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.31em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1005.26em, 4.963em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-419"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-420" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">a</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-421" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-422" style="padding-left: 0.201em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-423"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-424"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.086em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1002.04em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-425"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-426" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">b</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-427" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-428" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">c</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.689em, 1002.09em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -1.585em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-429" style=""><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.086em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 1.59em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 0.598em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.3em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.342em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-430" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.151em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-431" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.689em, 1005.26em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -3.222em; left: 0.052em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-432" style=""><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.26em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 4.814em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 2.185em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.399em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.747em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.094em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.491em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.838em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.028em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.375em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.723em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.07em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.417em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 2.878em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><mover><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><munder><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo>⏟</mo></munder></mrow><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>⏞</mo></mover></mrow></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-34">\overbrace{a+\underbrace{b+c}+d}</script>,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">而如果上下括号上面或下面还有符号, 可以用上下标来表示, 如:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-35-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mover><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits&quot;><mover><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><munder><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits&quot;><munder><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo>&amp;#x23DF;</mo></munder></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></munder><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>&amp;#x23DE;</mo></mover></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mn>2.0</mn></mrow></mover></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-433" style="width: 6.997em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.558em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(-0.097em, 1005.56em, 3.872em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-434"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-435"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.558em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(2.532em, 1005.56em, 5.707em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-436"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-437"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-438"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.558em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1005.51em, 5.707em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-439"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-440" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">a</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-441" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-442" style="padding-left: 0.201em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.086em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1002.09em, 4.963em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-443"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-444"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-445"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.086em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.177em, 1002.04em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-446"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-447" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">b</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-448" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-449" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">c</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.689em, 1002.09em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -1.585em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-450" style=""><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.086em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 1.59em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 0.598em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.3em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.342em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.89em, 4.268em, -999.998em); top: -2.577em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-451"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-452"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-453" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1.0</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-454" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.201em;">+</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-455" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.201em;">d<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.689em, 1005.51em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -3.222em; left: 0.052em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-456" style=""><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 5.508em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 0.002em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 5.062em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; font-family: MathJax_Size4; top: -4.015em; left: 2.284em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.449em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 0.796em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.193em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.54em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 1.937em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.177em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.524em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 3.921em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.268em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size4; position: absolute; top: -4.015em; left: 4.665em;"><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.276em, 1000.89em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -5.603em; left: 2.334em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-457"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-458"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-459" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2.0</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.997em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 4.816em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><mover><mrow><mi>a</mi><mo>+</mo><munder><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><munder><mrow><mi>b</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow><mo>⏟</mo></munder></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>1.0</mn></mrow></munder><mo>+</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mo>⏞</mo></mover></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mn>2.0</mn></mrow></mover></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-35">\overbrace{a+\underbrace{b+c}_{1.0}+d}^{2.0}</script>. LaTeX还&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可以将任意两个符号重叠在一起: \stackrel{上层符号}{下层符号},&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-36-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mover><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>&amp;#x2192;</mo></mover></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-REL&quot;><mover><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits&quot;><mo>=</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>d</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>e</mi><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>f</mi></mrow></mover></mrow><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>&amp;#x2026;</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;>)</mo></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-460" style="width: 10.965em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 8.683em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.945em, 1008.58em, 2.631em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-461"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-462"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-463"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-464"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.598em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-465" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -4.065em; left: 0.102em;"><span style="height: 0em; vertical-align: 0em; width: 0.449em; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden;"></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-466" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">⃗&nbsp;<span style="height: 0em; vertical-align: 0em; margin-left: -0.246em;"></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0em;"></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-467" style="padding-left: 0.3em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-468"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-469"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.524em, 1000.75em, 4.02em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0.102em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-470"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-471"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-472" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">=</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.276em, 1001em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.561em; left: 0em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-473"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-474"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-475" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">d</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-476" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">e</span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-477" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">f<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.052em;"></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-478" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.3em;">(</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-479"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-480" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-481" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">1</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-482" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-483" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-484" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-485" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">2</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-486" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-487" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.151em;">…</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-488" style="font-family: MathJax_Main; padding-left: 0.151em;">,</span><span class="msubsup" id="MathJax-Span-489" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.094em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.55em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-490" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">x</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; top: -3.867em; left: 0.598em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-491" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">n</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-492" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">)</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.372em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mover><mi>x</mi><mo stretchy="false">→</mo></mover></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"><mover><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OP MJX-fixedlimits"><mo>=</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi></mrow></mover></mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mi>x</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-36">\vec{x} \stackrel{\rm def}{=}(x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_n)</script>,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这里需要说明的是\stackrel中第一个参数的符号以较小字号输出的.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">而<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-37-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mfrac linethickness=&quot;0&quot;><mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4E0A;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x9762;</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4E0B;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x9762;</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-493" style="width: 2.334em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.838em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(0.548em, 1001.84em, 3.227em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-494"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-495"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-496"><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-497"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.639em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001.64em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.875em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.791em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-498"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-499"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-500"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-501"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">上</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-502"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-503"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-504"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">面</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001.64em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -1.486em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.791em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-505"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-506"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-507"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-508"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">下</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-509"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-510"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-511"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">面</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.184em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.191em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mfrac linethickness="0"><mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>上</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>面</mo></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>下</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>面</mo></mrow></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-37">{上面 \atop 下面}</script>可以把两行内容按相同字号排出, 类似&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">地就出现了<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-38-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-OPEN&quot;><mo maxsize=&quot;2.047em&quot; minsize=&quot;2.047em&quot;>(</mo></mrow></mstyle><mfrac linethickness=&quot;0&quot;><mi>n</mi><mi>m</mi></mfrac><mstyle scriptlevel=&quot;0&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-CLOSE&quot;><mo maxsize=&quot;2.047em&quot; minsize=&quot;2.047em&quot;>)</mo></mrow></mstyle></mrow></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-512" style="width: 3.028em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.383em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.788em, 1002.18em, 4.467em, -999.998em); top: -3.371em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-513"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-514"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-515"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-516"><span class="TeXmathchoice" id="MathJax-Span-517"><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-518"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-519"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-520"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-521"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-522" style="vertical-align: 0em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size3;">(</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-523"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.6em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -4.71em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.295em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-524" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">n</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1000.85em, 4.169em, -999.998em); top: -3.321em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.444em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-525" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">m</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="TeXmathchoice" id="MathJax-Span-526"><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-527"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-528"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-529"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-530"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-531" style="vertical-align: 0em;"><span style="font-family: MathJax_Size3;">)</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 3.375em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -1.247em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.128em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mrow><mstyle scriptlevel="0"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-OPEN"><mo maxsize="2.047em" minsize="2.047em">(</mo></mrow></mstyle><mfrac linethickness="0"><mi>n</mi><mi>m</mi></mfrac><mstyle scriptlevel="0"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-CLOSE"><mo maxsize="2.047em" minsize="2.047em">)</mo></mrow></mstyle></mrow></mrow></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-38">{n \choose m}</script>则是带括号的n个取m个的写法.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 符号可以上下堆积, 可是我们如果要在\sum的下面写诸如i&lt;9&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和j&lt;9这两行下标, 用<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-39-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><munder><mo>&amp;#x2211;</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi>i</mi><mo>&amp;lt;</mo><mn>9</mn><mspace linebreak=&quot;newline&quot; /><mi>j</mi><mo>&amp;lt;</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></munder><mi>i</mi><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>/</mo></mrow><mi>j</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-532" style="width: 3.574em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.83em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.143em, 1002.83em, 4.566em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-533"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-534"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.441em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(2.929em, 1001.39em, 4.616em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-535" style="font-family: MathJax_Size2; vertical-align: 0em;">∑</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.14em, 5.26em, -999.998em); top: -2.924em; left: 0.151em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-536"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-537"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.193em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.14em, 4.219em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-538" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-539" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">&lt;</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-540" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">9</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.14em, 4.318em, -999.998em); top: -3.172em; left: 0em;"><span class="mspace" id="MathJax-Span-541" style="height: 0em; vertical-align: 0em; width: 0em; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden;"></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-542" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">j</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-543" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">&lt;</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-544" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">9</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-545" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.151em;">i</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-546"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-547"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-548" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">/</span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-549" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">j</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -2.809em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 4.066em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><munder><mo>∑</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi>i</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>9</mn><mspace linebreak="newline"></mspace><mi>j</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>9</mn></mrow></munder><mi>i</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>/</mo></mrow><mi>j</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-39">\sum_{i<9 \\ j<9} i/j</script>是不行的. 我们&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">怎么实现这样的分行呢? 我们可以用\atop来堆积, 如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-40-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><munder><mo>&amp;#x2211;</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mfrac linethickness=&quot;0&quot;><mstyle displaystyle=&quot;false&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;1&quot;><mi>i</mi><mo>&amp;lt;</mo><mn>3</mn></mstyle><mstyle displaystyle=&quot;false&quot; scriptlevel=&quot;1&quot;><mi>j</mi><mo>&amp;lt;</mo><mn>3</mn></mstyle></mfrac></mrow></munder><mi>i</mi><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>/</mo></mrow><mi>j</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-550" style="width: 3.574em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 2.83em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.143em, 1002.83em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-551"><span class="munderover" id="MathJax-Span-552"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.441em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(2.929em, 1001.39em, 4.616em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-553" style="font-family: MathJax_Size2; vertical-align: 0em;">∑</span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.028em, 1001.39em, 4.715em, -999.998em); top: -2.577em; left: 0.002em;"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-554"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-555"><span class="mfrac" id="MathJax-Span-556"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.193em; height: 0px; margin-right: 0.102em; margin-left: 0.102em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.14em, 4.219em, -999.998em); top: -4.412em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.593em;"><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-557"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-558"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-559" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">i</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-560" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">&lt;</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-561" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.425em, 1001.14em, 4.318em, -999.998em); top: -3.718em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.593em;"><span class="mstyle" id="MathJax-Span-562"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-563"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-564" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">j</span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-565" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">&lt;</span><span class="mn" id="MathJax-Span-566" style="font-size: 70.7%; font-family: MathJax_Main;">3</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-567" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic; padding-left: 0.151em;">i</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-568"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-569"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-570" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">/</span></span></span><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-571" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">j</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -2.622em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 3.878em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><munder><mo>∑</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mfrac linethickness="0"><mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="1"><mi>i</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>3</mn></mstyle><mstyle displaystyle="false" scriptlevel="1"><mi>j</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>3</mn></mstyle></mfrac></mrow></munder><mi>i</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>/</mo></mrow><mi>j</mi></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-40">\sum_{\scriptstyle i<3 \atop \scriptstyle j<3} i/j</script>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这里之所以加了\scriptstyle是因为仅用\atop命令会把上下的字&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">体再缩小一号. 另外, 我们也可以用另外的方法: 前面我们在讲&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\frac时提到\dfrac这个符号需要使用包vatola.sty, 这里, 如果&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用了vatola.sty这个包, 我们可以在下标中用{\Sb 第一行 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">第二行 \endSb}, 在上标中用{\Sp 第一行 \\ 第二行 \endSp}来&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">表示多行下标或上标.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 本节内容: 数组array, 方程(标号)equation, 多行方程 |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; eqnarray, \aligned(vatola.sty), 标号的交叉引用&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 参考文献的使用(more)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 数组环境通常用来编排矩阵, 行列式等对齐的数学公式的.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">它的格式是:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{array}{列对齐}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">第一行 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">第二行 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">最后一行&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{array}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这里, 列对齐的格式是{c1c2c3...cn}, 每个ci为一个字母, 说明&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">第i列的对齐方式, 可以是c(居中), l(左对齐), r(右对齐). 而&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">每一行的各列用&amp;符号隔开, 行末是\\. 因此n列的数组, {列对齐}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">应该有n项, 每行应该有n-1个&amp;, 一个\\(最后行通常不用\\). 数&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">组中某一列可以不存在, 但是&amp;号不能少. 数组外常常使用可变大&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">小的定界符\left和\right, 大家看个例子:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">$$\left(&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{array}{clr}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">a+b+c &amp; a+b+c &amp; a+b+c \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">a+b &amp; a+b &amp; a+b \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">a &amp; a &amp; a&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{array}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\right) $$&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里要作些说明, 数组中某两行的距离可以用"\\[距离]"来&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">改变, 也可以用"\renewcommand\arraystretch{实数}"来整体修&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">改数组的垂直距离(缺省为1.0), 而参数\arraycolsep=...是修改&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">其列间距. 使用数组时, 经常容易出错的是: array必须出现在数&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">学环境中, &amp;的个数和\\的个数一定要正确, 如果使用可变大小的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">括号, 一定要注意\left和\right必须成对出现, 即使只排印半对&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">括号.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 一般的<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-41-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x548C;</mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-572" style="width: 0.995em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.796em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1000.8em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-573"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-574"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-575"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-576"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">和</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>和</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-41">和</script>$环境, 不能给公式或方程编号, 因此, 就用到了&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">方程环境. 格式是:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{equation}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">方程&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{equation}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这其中的方程, 和$$情况没有两样, 只是在公式右边自动加上了&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">方程编号(如果\documentstyle用了\leqno选项, 则公式标号在左&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">边). 多行的方程可以把array使用在equation中来实现, 但是标&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">号只出现一个, 出现在多行的中间. 如果多行要分别标号, 或者&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">不想用麻烦的$$嵌套array, 那就要用到多行方程环境:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{eqnarray}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">......&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{eqnarray}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{eqnarray*}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{eqnarray*}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">二者的区别是, 带*号的不将公式标号排出来, 而不带*的自动给&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">每行式子编排标号. 在<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display"><span class="MathJax MathJax_FullWidth" id="MathJax-Element-42-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mtable columnalign=&quot;right center left&quot; rowspacing=&quot;3pt&quot; columnspacing=&quot;0 thickmathspace&quot; displaystyle=&quot;true&quot;><mlabeledtr><mtd id=&quot;mjx-eqn-1&quot;><mtext>(1)</mtext></mtd><mtd><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x548C;</mo></mrow></mtd></mlabeledtr></mtable></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-577" style="width: 100%; display: inline-block; min-width: 4.963em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0px; font-size: 126%; min-width: 4.963em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.078em, 1001.19em, 4.467em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em; width: 100%;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-578"><span class="mtable" id="MathJax-Span-579" style="min-width: 4.963em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 100%; height: 0px; min-width: 4.963em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: 0.796em; height: 0px; clip: rect(-0.94em, 1000.8em, 0.449em, -999.998em); top: 0em; left: 50%; margin-left: -0.394em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.078em, 1000.8em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -4.015em; left: 0em;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.796em; height: 0px;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1000.8em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.13em; right: 0em;"><span class="mtd" id="MathJax-Span-583"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-584"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-585"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-586"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-587"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">和</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; position: absolute; width: 1.292em; height: 0px; clip: rect(-0.89em, 1001.19em, 0.449em, -999.998em); top: 0em; right: 0em; margin-right: 0em;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(3.127em, 1001.19em, 4.417em, -999.998em); top: -3.966em; right: 0em;"><span class="mtd" id="mjx-eqn-1"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-581"><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-582" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">(1)</span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 4.02em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.434em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.441em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mtable columnalign="right center left" rowspacing="3pt" columnspacing="0 thickmathspace" displaystyle="true"><mlabeledtr><mtd id="mjx-eqn-1"><mtext>(1)</mtext></mtd><mtd><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>和</mo></mrow></mtd></mlabeledtr></mtable></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-42">\begin{eqnarray}和\end{eqnarray}</script>中的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">部分是一个三列的array环境, 因此有两个&amp;和一个\\, 如:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{eqnarray}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">y&amp;=&amp;1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&amp;=&amp;55&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{eqnarray}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">而如果把方程某行的\\前加上"\nonumber", 则TeX不给该行方程&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">编排标号, 如"y&amp;=&amp;1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10 \nonumber \\", 则该&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">行不出现标号. 这里还要注意的是equation和eqnarray都是直接&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">进入<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display" style="text-align: center;"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-43-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x663E;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x793A;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6570;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5B66;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x73AF;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5883;</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x56E0;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6B64;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4E0D;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x80FD;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5728;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x524D;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x9762;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x548C;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x540E;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x9762;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x52A0;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4E0A;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>$</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x6216;</mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="text-align: center; position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-588" style="width: 21.58em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 17.116em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.292em, 1017.12em, 2.582em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-589"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-590"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-591"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-592"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">的</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-593"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-594"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-595"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">显</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-596"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-597"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-598"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">示</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-599"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-600"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-601"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">数</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-602"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-603"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-604"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">学</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-605"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-606"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-607"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">环</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-608"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-609"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-610"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">境</span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-611" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">,</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-612" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-613"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-614"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">因</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-615"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-616"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-617"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">此</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-618"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-619"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-620"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">不</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-621"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-622"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-623"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">能</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-624"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-625"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-626"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">在</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-627"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-628"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-629"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">前</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-630"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-631"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-632"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">面</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-633"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-634"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-635"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">和</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-636"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-637"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-638"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">后</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-639"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-640"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-641"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">面</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-642"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-643"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-644"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">加</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-645"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-646"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-647"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">上</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-648"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-649"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-650" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">$</span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-651"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-652"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-653"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">或</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>的</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>显</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>示</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>数</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>学</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>环</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>境</mo></mrow><mo>,</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>因</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>此</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>不</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>能</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>在</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>前</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>面</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>和</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>后</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>面</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>加</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>上</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>$</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>或</mo></mrow></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-43">的显示数学环境, 因此不能在前面和后面加上$或</script>了.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 大家可能会注意到, 不论是array还是eqnarray, 每个&amp;符号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">都会在公式中产生列的小空隙, 同样也在vatola宏库中, 定义了&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个aligned对齐环境, 它使得编排多行公式在对齐的同时不会出&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">现<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-44-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x7B26;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x53F7;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4F4D;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x7F6E;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x7684;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5217;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x7A7A;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x9699;</mo></mrow><mo>.</mo><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5B83;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x53EF;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x4EE5;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x51FA;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x73B0;</mo></mrow><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mo>&amp;#x5728;</mo></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-654" style="width: 14.834em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 11.758em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.292em, 1011.76em, 2.582em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-655"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-656"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-657"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-658"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">符</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-659"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-660"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-661"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">号</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-662"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-663"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-664"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">位</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-665"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-666"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-667"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">置</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-668"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-669"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-670"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">的</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-671"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-672"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-673"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">列</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-674"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-675"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-676"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">空</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-677"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-678"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-679"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">隙</span></span></span></span><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-680" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">.</span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-681" style="padding-left: 0.151em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-682"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-683"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">它</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-684"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-685"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-686"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">可</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-687"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-688"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-689"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">以</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-690"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-691"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-692"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">出</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-693"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-694"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-695"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">现</span></span></span></span><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-696"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-697"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-698"><span style="font-family: STIXGeneral, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 79%; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal;">在</span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.378em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>符</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>号</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>位</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>置</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>的</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>列</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>空</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>隙</mo></mrow><mo>.</mo><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>它</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>可</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>以</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>出</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>现</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>在</mo></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-44">符号位置的列空隙. 它可以出现在</script>$环境中, 那公式不标号;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">或出现在equation中, 它对一个多行公式只标一个标号, 类似于&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">array. 它相当于一个两列的array, 因此每行仅有一个&amp;.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{equation}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\aligned&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">y&amp;=1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&amp;=55&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\endaligned&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{equation}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这里需要注意的是, <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-45-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><merror><mtext>\begin{array}&amp;#xA0;\end{array}</mtext></merror></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-699" aria-hidden="true" style=""><span class="noError" id="MathJax-Span-700" style="display: inline-block;">\begin{array}&nbsp;\end{array}</span></span><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><merror><mtext>\begin{array}&nbsp;\end{array}</mtext></merror></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-45">\begin{array} \end{array}</script>和\begin{tabular}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(制表)\end{tabular}不能出现在\aligned与\endaligned中, 如须&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用, 要用\vbox{}或\hbox{}等把array或tabular环境括起来.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在讲第一个完整的TeX文档例子时, 大家一定注意到参考文献&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">标号的交叉引用, 而方程也有标号, 也可以交叉引用. 为什么我&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">们选择交叉引用而不是直接在文中写"公式(1)中..."的原因很简&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">单, 交叉引用可以实时地调整标号, 插入或删去一个公式带来整&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">体标号的改变, 无需改变引用标号的地方; 而且, 可以在不修改&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">正文的情况下灵活地调整标号的风格.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TeX使用\lable{标号}来定义标号, 这里的标号可以是字母,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">数字, 标点等组成的字符串. 需要引用, 则使用<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-46-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MathJax_ref&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;><mtext>???</mtext></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-701" style="width: 1.838em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.441em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.391em, 1001.39em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-702"><a href="#"><span class="mrow MathJax_ref" id="MathJax-Span-703"><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-704" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">???</span></span></a></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MathJax_ref" href="#"><mtext>???</mtext></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-46">\ref{标号}</script>, 这&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">里的"标号"应该是有\lable定义过的, 定义和引用的先后无关.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">例如, 我们有&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\subsection{Early Results}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\label{sec-early}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %这里定义子节标号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Euler's equation&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{equation}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">e^{i\pi}+1=0 \label{eq:euler}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %这里定义方程标号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{equation}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\combines the five most important numbers in mathematics&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">in a single euqtion.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">然后我们就可以如下地引用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Equation~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-47-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MathJax_ref&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;><mtext>???</mtext></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-705" style="width: 1.838em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.441em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.391em, 1001.39em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-706"><a href="#"><span class="mrow MathJax_ref" id="MathJax-Span-707"><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-708" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">???</span></span></a></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MathJax_ref" href="#"><mtext>???</mtext></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-47">\ref{eq:euler}</script> in Section~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-48-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MathJax_ref&quot; href=&quot;#&quot;><mtext>???</mtext></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-709" style="width: 1.838em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 1.441em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.391em, 1001.39em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-710"><a href="#"><span class="mrow MathJax_ref" id="MathJax-Span-711"><span class="mtext" id="MathJax-Span-712" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">???</span></span></a></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MathJax_ref" href="#"><mtext>???</mtext></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-48">\ref{sec-early}</script> ...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">不管这里方程或子节的标号是多少, 引用时都能准确地指出. 这&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">就是我们要使用自动交叉引用的原因. 这里, \label会自动根据&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">自己的位置, 得出标号, 如出现在equation, eqnarray, enumerate&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(项目), figure(图), table(表)环境中, 被引用的是公式号, 项&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">目编号或图表号; 而出现在其它位置则是章节号.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 引用时除了\ref外还有一个\pageref{标号}, 它显示的是&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\label{标号}出现的页面位置.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \cite和\bibitem我们在一开始的例子中就看到了, 我们这里&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">更详细地说说这两条命令的完整格式:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\cite[附加信息]{标号1, 标号2, ..., 标号n}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bibitem[名称]{标号}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">先看一个\cite加附加信息的例子(这个例子是在第5节例子的参考&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">文献的基础上的):&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">See \cite{texbook, companion} or \cite[page 20-22]{lamport} ..&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">再看\bibitem的名称可选项:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">See \cite{kn:texbook} for more details.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{thebibliography}[lamport 86]&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %[]中是最长文献编号&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bibitem[Knuth 84]{kn:texbook} D. E. Knuth. {\sl The \TeX{}book}.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Addison-Wesley, Reading.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{thebibliography}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里再多说一句的是: 所有涉及交叉引用的文件, 在修改过与&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">交叉引用有关的内容之后, 都需要对源文件进行两次编译才能得到&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">正确的结果.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 本节内容: 居中, 左对齐, 右对齐环境; 小页环境; 抄&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 录环境; 列表环境; 制表环境.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里要介绍的是几个TeX中常用的环境, 它的一般格式是:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{环境名}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{环境名}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 首先是居中, 左对齐, 右对齐环境, 这三者的环境名分别是&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">center, flushleft和flushright, 在环境中的正文以\\断行. 这&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">三个环境比较简单, 就不举例子了. 需要注意的是, 紧接这环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">后的正文和环境如果没有空行隔开, 那么系统认为是一个段落,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">就是说环境后的正文行首没有\parindent的缩进.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 小页环境大家在第一个完整的TeX例子中已经看到了, abstract&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">就是小页. 小页环境的格式是:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{minipage}[位置]{宽度}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{minipage}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{宽度}可以用TeX的任何合法距离; [位置]是可选项, 可以选择t&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">或b来表示小页是和正文是"顶部对齐"还是"底部对齐", 请看例子:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">NORMAL TEXT&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{minipage}[b]{1 in}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">This is a minipage aligned on its bottom line.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{minipage}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">AND&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{minipage}[t]{1 in}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">This is a minipage aligned on its top line.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{minipage}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">END&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">注意的是, 小页的footnote(脚注)是紧跟在小页后面, 而不是在&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">整个页面的下面, 所以在minipage嵌套时, 可能系统会放错脚注&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的位置.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 抄录环境(verbatim)在<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><div class="MathJax_Display"><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-49-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot; display=&quot;block&quot;><merror><mtext>\begin{verbatim}&amp;#x548C;\end{verbatim}</mtext></merror></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-713" aria-hidden="true" style=""><span class="noError" id="MathJax-Span-714" style="display: inline-block;">\begin{verbatim}和\end{verbatim}</span></span><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML MJX_Assistive_MathML_Block" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="block"><merror><mtext>\begin{verbatim}和\end{verbatim}</mtext></merror></math></span></span></div><script type="math/tex; mode=display" id="MathJax-Element-49">\begin{verbatim}和\end{verbatim}</script>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的任何字符都将原样输出, 包括\等TeX保留字. 而"verbatim*"与&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">verbatim的区别是, 它将把空格用|_|表示出来. verbatim有一个&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">简写形式, "\verb标识符 字符串 标识符", 其中标识符可以是空&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">格以外任何字符, 它与\verb之间没有空格. 如:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\verb+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">This is \!@#$%%^&amp;*&amp;*({ All you want to type.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">当然, 字符串里就不能出现你作为标识符的符号了.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 列表环境itemize, enumerate, description.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item 列表项1&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item 列表项2&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item 列表项n&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">自动编号; 如果超过一行, 自动缩进以突出编号. 而enumerate与&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">itemize的区别是, 它不出现数字编号, 而是以小黑圆点来标识.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">description一般用于类似于名词解释的情形:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{description}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item[名词] 解释&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item[名词] 解释&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{description}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一般, 还在[名词]中加上\bf或\heiti以突出名词.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">列表环境还可以嵌套使用, 具体就不细述了.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">| 表&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 格 |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">表格环境tabular&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{tabular}[竖向位置]{列格式}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">....&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{tabular}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">竖向位置：t、b 缺省居中&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">列与列间用&amp;分隔，每行\\[长度：改变行间间隔]结束&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">列格式：l左对齐，c居中，r右对齐&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">边界线：｜，｜｜&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">横线：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\cline{m--n} m--n列水平线&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\nline与行等高竖线&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\multicolumn{列数}{列格式}{文本内容}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">列数＝1时，改变当前列对齐方式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; TeX专门提供了一个制表环境, 用来排印有线或无线的表格.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{tabular}[位置]{列定义}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{tabular}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">这里[位置]和minipage一样, 可选t或b, 但我们通常用的表格都&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是独立表格, 所以通常不定义位置, 而直接独立一段. {列定义}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">类似于array的列对齐, 可以用c,l和r来表示对齐方式, 这里的列&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">定义还可以在列对齐字母间用"|"以画出表格中列的竖线. 表格内&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">容如array一样, 用&amp;隔开, \\换行, 同样要注意&amp;的个数. 表格的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">横线可以用\hline来表示, 如:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">4 &amp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &amp; 6 \\&nbsp; %这里要注意, 若最后行要画横线, 则此处要有\\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{tabular}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">而"\cline{列号1-列号2}"则是表示从列号1到列号2的一条横线.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">而如果要在表格元素中画竖线, 则可以用"\vline". 有时我们还&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">会遇到需要把某行表格的几列合并起来, 这就要使用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\multicolumn{栏数}{栏定义}{内容}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{栏数}是要合并的栏的数目, {栏定义}类似于表格的{列定义}, 如:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{1} &amp; 2 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\hline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{tabular}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">而&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{tabular*}{宽度}[位置]{列定义}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{tabular*}可以自己定义表格的总宽度, 如\textwidth等TeX&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的合法距离.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 最后, 我们讲讲制表环境的四个参数, 这四个参数都是局部&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">参数, 也就是说只要用分组限定命令的作用范围, 就可以调整某&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">个表格的参数而不影响其它表格. \tabcolsep是两列间水平距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的一半, 缺省为6pt; \arrayrulewidth为定义\hline, \vline,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\cline及列定义的分隔线|的线宽, 缺省为0.4pt; \doublerulesep&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">为连续两个\hline或列定义中连续两个|所画的线段之间的间隔,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">缺省为2pt, 如果设为0pt, 则可以用连续的\hline或|来加粗表格&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的某些线框; \arraystretch是一个实数, 缺省为1.0, 定义行距&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的一个因子, 用\renewcommand来改变.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 本节内容: 在TeX文档中插入eps图形文件&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; plain TeX的图形功能非常弱, LaTeX在一定程度上增强了这&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">方面的功能, 但是也只能画由文字, 直线, 矢量, 圆等组成的很&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">简单的图形. 这里我觉得没有多大必要花不少精力去学这不大实&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用的东西. CCT对图形, 图像功能方面作了补充, 具体大家可看它&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所附带的man.dvi文件, 里面有详细的说明. 而windows下的TeX或&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如sci-word一般的环境, 可能提供了插入一般windows下剪贴板图&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">形的方法, 具体可看该软件的帮助.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里, 我们仅就如何在TeX文档中插入EPS的PostScript图形&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">作些说明, 因为现在的很多windows下的作图软件, 如mathematica&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">都能产生EPS文件, 这类文件的图形是矢量格式而不是点阵格式的,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可以以较高精度输出而不会出现锯齿状不光滑现象.(mathematica&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">3.0中, 只要点击所做的图形成为选中, 然后点鼠标右键, 在菜单&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中选择Save Selection As..., 那里有EPS格式)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 插入EPS图形的TeX文件所生成的dvi文件, 无法用view看到其&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中嵌入的图形, 只能用dvips将dvi以及内嵌的EPS图形一起转化成&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">PS文件, 然后用Ghost View来看.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 首先, 我们先要安装"dvips". 现在假设我们已经把CCT EMTEX&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">5.13安装在C:\EMTEX目录下了(如果装在其他盘, 那么dvips就要改&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">设置config.ps了, 估计有麻烦), 那么解开dvips.zip(下载请到&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><a href="http://202.38.68.78/~chencs/math/" target="_blank">http://202.38.68.78/~chencs/math/</a>&nbsp;), 里面有一部分文件展开</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在emtex目录下, 还有一个texfonts目录(大概是为dvips提供字体&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用的). 大家使用CCT之前, 应该运行过emtex目录下的setenv.bat&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(这是CCT emtex要求大家设置的TeX的环境变量, 建议将setenv.bat&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的内容加到autoexec.bat中去, 因为这里的环境变量没设好, 会影&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">响dvips的使用).&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 有了上面准备工作之后, 以后如果我们要在TeX中插入EPS文件,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">只要按TeX格式编好源程序; 然后用patchdvi把dvi文件中可能有的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">汉字字库剥离出来, 以供不依赖汉字环境的dvips使用; 然后用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">dvips32就可以将dvi文件以及EPS图形一起合成为ps文件, 回到95&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">环境, 用GhostView就可以阅读或打印了.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 在打包的dvips.zip中, 我们加入了一个ll.bat文件(使用格式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是ll filename, 这里, CCT的文件名为filename.ctx), 大家可以从&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中看到怎么使用patchdvi和dvips:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; call patchdvi -y %1.dvi ~~tmp.dvi&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dvidrv dvips32 ~~tmp.dvi&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 最后, 大家就看看怎么在TeX文件插入EPS图形了. 如果我们用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentstyle{}, 那么, 在{}前的选项[]中加入epsfig; 如果用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的是\documentclass{}, 那么就用\usepackage{epsfig}调如该库.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">然后在要插入图形的地方使用\epsfig{figure=filename.eps}, 当&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">然, 也可以把这句话加在浮动图表的环境中而形成浮动图表, 或直&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">接使用直接插在文中. 一个简单的例子是打包在我们的dvips.zip中&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的sample.ctx中插入了sin.eps.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这里补充说一下浮动图形figure环境, 它能自动调整图形在页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">面中出现的位置:&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">这里[位置]可以是h(当前位置),t(页顶),b(页底),p(另页).</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 一个英文文档的例子&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +----------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个英文文档的例子，保存为:**.tex&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentstyle{article}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %使用article格式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\topmargin=0pt&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %以下页面设置&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\oddsidemargin=0pt \evensidemargin=0pt&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textwidth=14cm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textheight=21cm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\title{This is a sample of \LaTeX}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %文章题目&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\author{Bigeyes(\tt{chencs@263.net})\\&nbsp; %作者. 多行用\\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Department of Mathematics\\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; USTC, Anhui, Hefei, 230026&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %如有多作者, 用\and&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A\_A&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \thanks{Supported by ...}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %致谢, 在author里&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; BBS of USTC\\&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; bbs.ustc.edu.cn[202.38.64.3]}&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\date{Mar. 1, 1999}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %日期, 如果没有此项,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %则以当前日期代替, 若&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %不要日期, 则用空{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %&nbsp;</span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size: 16px">
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; %document结束&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +-------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; |&nbsp; 如何编辑、编译TeX文件&nbsp; |&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; +-------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 我们已经讲过, TeX源文件是文本文件, 就象一个C语言的源&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">文件一样, 那么我们也象编译C语言程序得到可执行程序一样, 我&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">们编译TeX源文件, 以得到能在计算机上浏览或打印的格式文件,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">那就是后缀为.DVI的文件(我们就称它为DVI文件). TeX源文件我&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">们通常把其后缀取为.TEX. 当然, 如果你在中文TeX的环境中编排&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">你的中文文章, 那么你的源文件后缀可能就是那个中文TeX给你约&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">定的了, 我们现在常用的CCT EMTEX, 所用的后缀是.CTX, 系统的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">操作是将.CTX源文件中的中文经过预处理, 产生标准的TeX文件,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">然后再照平常的TeX文档一样操作, 得到DVI文件.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 今后, 我们均以DOS下的CCT EMTEX环境为例, 来讲述TeX文章&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的编排. 因为TeX的标准, 所以在不同的TeX环境, 其实文章编排&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的内容格式是一样的, 只是可能它得到DVI的途径不同而已. 而我&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">们就以现在比较流行的LaTeX为准来讲述TeX的使用, 其它如amstex,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">amslatex等, 仅是文档的最外层框架以及少数扩展的命令不大一&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">样之外, 其它命令都是相同的.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 一个最最简单的TeX文档可能是: (比如我们用EDIT, 当然也&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可以用写字板或UltraEdit等甚至是UNIX下的vi编辑器等编辑一个&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">文本文件如下四行, 取名为'1.tex')&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentstyle{article}&nbsp;</span></p>
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<p>
<br><span style="font-size: 16px">现在流行的TeX格式似乎已经不是documentstyle而是documentclass&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">了, 但是它们除了一开始的写法不大一样之外, 正文的命令排版&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">等等都没有任何区别. 以CCT EMTEX环境为例, 我们用'latex 1.tex'&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">来编译TeX文件来得到DVI文件, 然后用'view 1.dvi'来浏览, 用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">'dvi24p 1.dvi'(24针打)或'dviljp 1.dvi'(激打)来打印文章.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(以上三条命令的后缀均可以省去, 仅用'latex 1','view 1'和&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">'dviljp 1'等.)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 如果你的TeX文件不符合TeX语法, 那编译将可能出错, 这时&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可以让系统忽略错误产生DVI文件(这时可能就不能达到你所期望&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的排版效果了), 或者你应该修改源文件中的错误, 重新编译, 直&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">到全部通过. 在LaTeX编译出错时, 会在屏幕上显示出错信息, 并&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">显示"?"以接受用户进一步的指示. 在"?"后, 输入:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;1. 回车: LaTeX尽量忽略此错误, 继续运行;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;2. s: LaTeX继续运行, 并之后还有错误, 也不停止运行;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;3. r: 类似s, 比上者更强硬, 甚至连打不开文件这样的严重错误&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 也不停止;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;4. q: 同r, 但错误及提示均不在屏幕显示, 直接写入.LOG文件;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;5. I: 之后跟一个字符串, 用来插入替代出错的字符串. 比如在&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 正文需要纵向空出1cm空白, 用"\vskip 1cm", 但是输入错误&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 成为"\vship 1cm", 则编译出错:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ! Undefined control sequence.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; l.102 \vship&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1cm&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 表示在第102行, \vship是未定义的命令, 这时在?后输入&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "I\vskip", 则用\vskip替代出错的\vship, 继续执行. 这里&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 需要注意的是, 这条指令只是编译中临时修改错误, 并没有&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 真正地修改源文件;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;6. 小于10的数: 表示删出从当前位置开始的那么多个字符;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;7. ?: 显示提示&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;8. h: 显示帮助, 对当前错误提出进一步动作的建议;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;9. x: 中断编译, 将已编译的结果写入.DVI中, 出错及提示写入&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; .LOG中.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|制作幻灯片|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">xcolor宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[选项]{xcolor}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">选项：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">彩色驱动程序名：dvips，dvipdfm，pdftex&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">彩色模式：natural，rgb，cmyk，..&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">预定义色彩集合：dvipsnames，dvipsnames*，...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">red,green,blue,yellow,cyan,magenta,black,white,orange,violet,purple,brown,pink,...</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用彩色&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\color{色彩名}--&gt;声明&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textcolor{色彩名}{文本}--&gt;命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pagecolor{色彩名}--&gt;声明，指定背景色（ps，pdf有效）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">色彩名必须是已经有定义的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可以使用不同色彩的混合，如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\color{green!40!yellow}--&gt;40%的绿色与60%的黄色混合&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\color{-green!40!yellow}上述颜色的补色&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">色彩混合公式：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">C0!P1!C1!P2!...!PN!CN=????&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">另一种方法&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\color[色彩模式]{数据}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textcolor{色彩名}{数据}{文本}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pagecolor{色彩名}{数据}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">例：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textcolor[rgb]{0.3,0.8,0.1}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textcolor[cmyk]{0.0,0.5,0.1,0.5}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\definecolor{色彩名}{色彩模式}{数据}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\providecolor{色彩名}{色彩模式}{数据}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">色彩模式：rgb，cmyk，gray等&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">逗号分隔的十进制小数，表示每个分量的力度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如：\definecolor{red}{rgb}{1,0,0}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\definecolor{yellow}{cmyk}{0,0,1,0}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如色彩名已有定义，\providecolor不起作用，\definecolor覆盖原来的定义&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">彩色盒子&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\colorbox{色彩名}{文本}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fcolorbox{色彩一}{色彩二}{文本}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\colorbox{色彩模式}{数据}{文本}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fcolorbox{色彩模式}{数据一}{数据二}{文本}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\normalcolor：恢复正常色&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用pdfTeX&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">dvipdfm--&gt;div 转 pdf&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">dvipdfmx--&gt;dvipdfm的扩展&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdfTeX处理Plain TeX and AMS-TeX文件&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdfLaTeX处理LaTeX文件&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">直接生成pdf文件，可以增加一些LaTeX中没有的pdf功能&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">支持图片格式：pdf，png，jpg，tif，但不支持eps&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">建立书签：hyperref宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[选项]{hyperref}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[选项]{hyperref}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">hypersetup{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">例子：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[dvipdfmx,CJKbookmarks]{hyperref}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[dvipdfmx]{hyperref}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">hypersetup{CJKbookmarks=true}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">hyperref宏包常用选项&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">驱动选项：dvipdfmx，dvips，pdftex，....&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdf属性：pdftitle,pdfauthor,pdfsubiect,...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdf打开方式：pdfstartview,pdfpagemode,...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">书签：bookmarks,CJKbookmarks,bookmarksnumbered,bookmarksopen,...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">链接属性：colorlinks,linkcolor,citecolor,...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">slides文档类：制作透明胶片&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[选项]{slides}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">字体较大，\normalsize--&gt;20pt&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">缺省字体为sffamily&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">三种环境：slide,overlay,note&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdfscreen宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[选项]{pdfscreen}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">常用选项&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">screen：产生适合屏幕输出的pdf文件&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">print：输出打印版&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">panelleft，panelright，nopanel：设置导航面板&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">paneltoc：将目录放在导航面板上&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">sectionbreak：每节分页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">导航面板配色方案：blue，gray，orange，...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdfscreen宏包自动输入graphicx和color宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdfscreen定制幻灯片命令（导言区）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\screensize{高度}{宽度}：屏幕大小（必须）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\margins{左}{右}{上}{下}：定义页边空白，（放在\screensize前）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\overlay{pdf图形文件}：幻灯片背景&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\paneloverlay{pdf图形文件}导航面板背景&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\urlid{CRL地址}：设置主页链接地址&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\emblema{图形文件}：在导航面板加入图片&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">导航按钮：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\bottombuttons，\nobottombuttons&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\topbuttons&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\notopbuttons&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">按钮中文化&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelhomepagename：主页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\paneltitlepagename：标题页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelabstractname：摘要页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelcontentsname：目录页&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelgobackname：返回&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelfullscreename：全屏显示&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelclosename：关闭&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelquitname：退出&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\panelpagename，\panelofname，\panelofnamep&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">slide环境&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个slide环境生成一张幻灯片&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">页面过渡命令（需使用宏包texpower）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[display]{texpower}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionBlindsH&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionBlindsV&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionSplitVI&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionDissolve&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionSplitVO&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionSplitHI&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionSplitHO&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pageTransitionGlitter{270}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|beamer宏包（最佳）|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">是latex制作slide的一个文档类&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用pdflatex编译，不需要其它后处理程序&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">同票latex结合度高&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">直观而方便的创建遮挡（overlays）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">及其它各种漂亮的演示效果&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">利用theme实现内容和风格的独立，可以轻松的改变风格&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在latex中使用beamer的一般步骤&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">将latex的文档类型从article改为beamer&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用section和subsection组织latex的文档结构&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用frame环境制作独立的帧&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">执行pdflatex编译tex文件&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">beamer文档类&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[11pt,CJK,compress]{beamer}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usetheme{Warsaw}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usecolortheme{lily}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">幻灯片主体结构&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\section{....}&nbsp; %用于书签和导航条&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\subsection{....}&nbsp; %用于书签和导航条&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个帧中可以包含覆盖，逐段显示内容&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个有用的选项：plain&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">标题页&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">标题，副标题，报告人，。。。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\title{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\subtitle{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\author{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\date{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\institute{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\titlegraphic{...}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">目录页&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\tableofcontents--&gt;逐段显示目录&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">hideallsubsections，hideothersubsections&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">currentsection&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">currentsubsection&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">若不想使用自动生成的目录，可以手工输入&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中文支持-CJK宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">中文模板&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[CJK]{beamer}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">.......&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{CJK}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">......&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">beamer中的一些预定义环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">theorem，lemma，corollary，definition，...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Theorem（费马）&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">block环境--&gt;类似定理环境，可自选标题&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">colums环境&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">beamer中的罗列环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">应多使用罗列环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">可以嵌套使用，但通常不要超过2层&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">罗列条目的自动逐段显示&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\beamerdefaultoverlayspecification{&lt;+-&gt;}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">手工指定逐段显示的内容：&lt;数字范围&gt;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如：&lt;3&gt;,&lt;-3&gt;,&lt;2-4&gt;,&lt;2-&gt;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">抄录环境semiverbatim&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">使用该环境，需在frame后加[fragile]或[containsverbatim]选项&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\，｛，｝仍然保持特殊含义&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">verbatim仍然可以使用&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">条目不同性质内容用\newblock分隔&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">插入图片&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{***.png}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">插入多媒体：multimedia宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">插入电影&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\movie[autostart]{}{***.wmv}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">插入声音&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\sound[autostart]{}{***.wav}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">插入logo&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pgfdeclareimage[height=.8cm]{logo}{math}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\logo{\pgfuseimage{logo}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在幻灯片右下角插入logo&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">幻灯片的切换&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transblindshorizontal&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transblindsvertical&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transboxin&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transboxout&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transdissolve&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transglitter&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transsplithorizontalin&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transsplitverticalin&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transsplithorizontalout&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transsplittverticalout&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\transwipe&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">导航图标&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}%{\insert***navigationsymbol}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">其中***可以为&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">slide,frame,subsection,section,doc,backfindforward&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">多个导航图标，用逗号分隔&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">取消&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+--------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|beamer中动态时间和倒计时的最终解决办法|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+--------------------------------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">摘自 bbs.ctex.org&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">pdflatex通过。不可以用web宏包，否则和beamer冲突。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">颜色字体，时间格式等参数自己设。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">有些要参考<a class="replace_word" title="JavaScript知识库" href="http://lib.csdn.net/base/javascript" target="_blank">JavaScript</a>，如时间格式。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[pdftex,8pt]{beamer}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\mode{&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usetheme{CambridgeUS}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\useinnertheme{default}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usecolortheme{orchid}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usecolortheme{whale}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usefonttheme{default}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{pgf,pgfrcs,pgfarrows,pgfnodes,pgfautomata,pgfheaps,pgfshade}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{xcolor}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{colortbl}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[english]{babel}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{times}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{hyperref}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{graphicx}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[final]{pdfpages}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{textcomp}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{multicol}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">%****************************************&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{eforms}&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|例&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 子 1|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">% 13-4-1.tex 用 pdfLaTeX 编译&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[cjk]{beamer}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\mode&lt;presentation&gt;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \usetheme{Warsaw}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 可供选择的主题参见 beameruserguide.pdf, 第 134 页起&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 无导航条的主题: Bergen, Boadilla, Madrid, Pittsburgh, Rochester;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有树形导航条的主题: Antibes, JuanLesPins, Montpellier;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有目录竖条的主题: Berkeley, PaloAlto, Goettingen, Marburg, Hannover;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有圆点导航条的主题: Berlin, Dresden, Darmstadt, Frankfurt, Singapore,&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Szeged;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有节与小节导航条的主题: Copenhagen, Luebeck, Malmos, Warsaw&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">%&nbsp; \setbeamercovered{transparent}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 如果取消上一行的注解 %, 就会使得被覆盖部分变得透明(依稀可见)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{CJK}&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{document}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{CJK*}{GBK}{kai}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\CJKtilde&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\title{没有最大的素数}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\author[\CJKfamily{fs}王某某]{王某某\\ \texttt{who@where.com}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\date[CFP 2003]{奇妙问题探讨大会, 2003}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \titlepage&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \frametitle{概要}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \tableofcontents&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\section{动机}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\subsection{我们研究的基本问题}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \frametitle{什么是素数}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{dfn}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \alert{素数}就是只有两个因子的数.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{dfn}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{ex}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \begin{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item 2~是素数。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \pause&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item 3~是素数。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \pause&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item 4~不是素数~(它有~\alert{3}~个因子)。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \end{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{ex}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \frametitle{没有最大素数}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \framesubtitle{证明使用了\textit{归谬法}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{thm}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; 没有最大素数。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{thm}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{proof}[证明]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \begin{enumerate}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item&lt;1-&gt; 假设~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-50-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>p</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-715" style="width: 0.647em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.499em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.59em, 1000.5em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-716"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-717" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">p</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-50">p</script>~是最大素数.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item&lt;2-&gt; 令~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-51-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>q</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-718" style="width: 0.598em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.449em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.59em, 1000.45em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-719"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-720" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">q<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-51">q</script>~是前~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-52-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>p</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-721" style="width: 0.647em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.499em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.59em, 1000.5em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-722"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-723" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">p</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-52">p</script>~个数的乘积.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item&lt;3-&gt; 则~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-53-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>q</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-724" style="width: 0.598em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.449em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.59em, 1000.45em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-725"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-726" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">q<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-53">q</script>~不被它们中的任何一个除尽.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \item&lt;1-&gt; 因此~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-54-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>q</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-727" style="width: 0.598em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.449em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.59em, 1000.45em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-728"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-729" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">q<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.002em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>q</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-54">q</script>~也是素数而且比~<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-55-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>p</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-730" style="width: 0.647em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.499em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.59em, 1000.5em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-731"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-732" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">p</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.309em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.941em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>p</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-55">p</script>~大.\qedhere&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \end{enumerate}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{proof}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \uncover&lt;4-&gt;{证明使用了\textit{归谬法}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\section{未解决的问题}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \frametitle{还能做什么?}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{columns}[t]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \column{.5\textwidth}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{block}{已解决的问题}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 有多少素数?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{block}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \column{.5\textwidth}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{block}{未解决的问题}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 是否每个偶数都是两个素数之和?\cite{Goldbach1742}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{block}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{columns}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \begin{thebibliography}{10}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \bibitem{Goldbach1742}[Goldback, 1742]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Christian Goldback.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \newblock A problem we should try to solve before the ISPN '43 deadline,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \newblock \emph{Letter to Leonard Euler}, 1742.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \end{thebibliography}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}[fragile]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \frametitle{寻找素数的<a class="replace_word" title="算法与数据结构知识库" href="http://lib.csdn.net/base/datastructure" target="_blank">算法</a>}&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \visible&lt;4-&gt;{Note the use of \alert{\texttt{std::}}.}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{CJK*}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{document}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|例&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 子 2|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-----------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">% 13-4-2.tex 用 pdfLaTeX 处理&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass[table]{beamer}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\mode&lt;presentation&gt;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \usetheme{default}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 可供选择的主题参见 beameruserguide.pdf, 第 134 页起&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 无导航条的主题: Bergen, Boadilla, Madrid, Pittsburgh, Rochester;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有树形导航条的主题: Antibes, JuanLesPins, Montpellier;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有目录竖条的主题: Berkeley, PaloAlto, Goettingen, Marburg, Hannover;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有圆点导航条的主题: Berlin, Dresden, Darmstadt, Frankfurt, Singapore,&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">Szeged;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 有节与小节导航条的主题: Copenhagen, Luebeck, Malmos, Warsaw&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \setbeamercovered{transparent}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; % 如果取消上一行的注解 %, 就会使得被覆盖部分变得透明(依稀可见)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{times}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage{pifont}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{document}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item&lt;1-|&nbsp;<a href="mailto:alert@1" target="_blank">alert@1</a>&gt; First point.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item&lt;2-|&nbsp;<a href="mailto:alert@2" target="_blank">alert@2</a>&gt; Second point.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item&lt;3-|&nbsp;<a href="mailto:alert@3" target="_blank">alert@3</a>&gt; Third point.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\rowcolors[]{1}{blue!20}{blue!10}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{tabular}{l!{\vrule}cccc}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; Class &amp; A &amp; B &amp; C &amp; D&nbsp;<a target="_blank">\\\hline</a>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; X&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &amp; 1 &amp; 2 &amp; 3 &amp; 4&nbsp;<a target="_blank">\\\pause</a>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; Y&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &amp; 3 &amp; 4 &amp; 5 &amp; 6&nbsp;<a target="_blank">\\\pause</a>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; Z&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &amp; 5 &amp; 6 &amp; 7 &amp; 8&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{tabular}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newenvironment{ballotenv}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{\only{%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\ding{56}}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \setbeamertemplate{itemize subitem}{\small\ding{56}}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp; \setbeamertemplate{itemize subsubitem}{\footnotesize\ding{56}}}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{\ding{52}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setbeamertemplate{itemize subitem}{\small\ding{52}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setbeamertemplate{itemize subsubitem}{\footnotesize\ding{52}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item&lt;1-|&nbsp;<a href="mailto:ballot@1" target="_blank">ballot@1</a>&gt; First point.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item&lt;2-|&nbsp;<a href="mailto:ballot@2" target="_blank">ballot@2</a>&gt; Second point.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\item&lt;3-|&nbsp;<a href="mailto:ballot@3" target="_blank">ballot@3</a>&gt; Third point.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{itemize}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{frame}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">\end{document}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|TeX 使用指南|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">如何把多个文件组装在一起？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\include, \includeonly&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">我想使目录表中显示到\subsubsection的标题该怎么办？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">我想使目录表中显示附录，但前面没有第??章字样该怎么办？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\setcounter, \tableofcontents \addcontentsline&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">当开始新的一节时，我希望公式自动从1开始编号，那该怎么办？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\@addtoreset, \makeatletter, \makeatother,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">章节标题太长该怎么办？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\section, \\&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在LaTeX中，插图单独显示在一页上，而且有相当多的空白。可我如果改成&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{figure}[t]，就会把插图显示在文档尾部。这是为什么呢？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\renewcommand, \floatpagefraction, \topfraction, \bottomfraction,&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textfraction.&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在LaTeX中，如何使参考文献的编号只是没有方括号的阿拉伯数字或者上标？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\renewcommand, \@biblabel, \makeatletter ... \makeatother&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">我用\pagestyle{empty}无法去掉所有页的页码，到底怎样可以去掉所有页的页码呢？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\pagestyle, \thispagestyle&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">生成了有中文字符的DVI文件，该如何把它转化成PostScript文件呢？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用程序：patchdvi, cdvia, dvidrv, dvips32&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在文件中，想把用其它方法生成的PostScript图形包含进来， 可以采用什么方法？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\includegraphics, \epsfig&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">CCT EMTeX中的汉字字体只有可怜的5种，而市面上却有相当多的 适用于Windows中的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">True Type字体，有可能在CCT中用这些字体吗？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用程序：cdvia -c&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在调试LaTeX文件时，如果有一长段中出现了令人讨厌的错误，想把它去掉，但又希望继&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">续编译它后面的部分。如果LaTeX有块注释功能就太好了，&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\iffalse, \fi(TeX命令)&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在Book类中的\pagestyle{}命令可以生成较为复杂的页眉，可我希望在页眉与正文之间有&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一横线，该怎么办？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">所用命令：\leftmark, \rightmark, \@evenhead, \@oddhead, \makeatletter,&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatother&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">TeX Guru的回答&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|TeX 常见问题1|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">整理：happytex&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">1.\makeatletter 和 \makeatother 的用法？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：如果需要借助于内部有\@字符的命令，如\@addtoreset，就需要借助于另两个命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatletter, \makeatother。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">下面给出使用范例，用它可以实现公式编号与节号的关联。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\begin{verbatim}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\documentclass{article}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">...&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatletter %&nbsp;<a href="mailto:%27@%27" target="_blank">'@'</a>&nbsp;is now a normal "letter" for TeX</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand\theequation{\thesection.\arabic{equation}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\@addtoreset{equation}{section}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatother %&nbsp;<a href="mailto:%27@%27" target="_blank">'@'</a>&nbsp;is restored as a "non-letter" character for TeX</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">16.辅助的Package放到哪个目录下？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：不过非 miktex 自带的包最好放在 localtexmf 下，这样以后升级的时候方便些。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">17.如何用fancyhdr宏包实现在页眉下画一粗一细两条横线？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：试试下面的命令: \usepackage{fancyhdr}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newcommand{\makeheadrule}{%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makebox[0pt][l]{\rule[.7\baselineskip]{\headwidth}{0.8pt}}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\rule[.6\baselineskip]{\headwidth}{0.4pt}\vskip-.8\baselineskip}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatletter \renewcommand{\headrule}{%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{\if@fancyplain\let\headrulewidth\plainheadrulewidth\fi&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeheadrule}}\makeatother&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">18.能不能改变Chapter 起始页码仅从奇数页开始？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用 \documentclass[openany]{book} 让 \chapter 可以从任何页面开始。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">19.如何在文中实现带圈的数字？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：1）使用\textcircled{}命令，后面的参数可以是一个字符或者汉字（配合CJK），甚&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">至也可以是公式，但是它只会给第一个字符或者汉字加上 &gt; 合适的圆圈，字体放缩命令&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">对它也有效，因此可以利用这点实现两个字符加圈的效果，但是需要仔细的调整尺寸，参&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">考如下命令： &gt; \Large{\textcircled{\small{12}}}、\textcircled{九}。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">2）使用pifont宏包，那里面有很漂亮的带圈的各种数字符号（仅限于阿拉伯数字，如果&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">想使用加圈的中文“一”至“九”就不行了）。在.tex &gt; 文件中尝试下列命令：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\ding{172}～\ding{211}。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">3）在GB和GBK字库中本来就有10个加圈数字形式，可以直接在CJK中使用。如果不超过11&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">的话应该够用了呵呵：①②③④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨⑩，这些汉 &gt; 字可以直接使用数字软键盘输&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">入（以智能ABC输入法为例，其实大部分输入法都是一样的）：打开软键盘，选择“数字&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">序号”即可看到。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">20.如何产生可变长的 Longrightarrow?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用\xleftarrow and \xrightarrow，例如&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">21.如何在公式中表示上下堆积关系？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：在latex有一个命令\stackre{上部符号}{下部符号}，但更好的一个是用宏包&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">amslatex中命令\overset和\underset。一个例子是&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|TeX 常见问题2|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;1。怎样在多栏环境中使用单栏图表？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：如果你在多栏环境中使用</span></p>
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， 图形是不会出现的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">。如果你用另外的命令</span></p>
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， 图形就会超出右边或有&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">页的上边。解决的方法是把下面命令放在</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">10。怎样把一个大表格横向放置？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用宏包\usepackage{rotating}，然后变换&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">为&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">注意这个旋转很可能在你的预览中不会再现。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">11。关于itemize。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答： 清单至多有四级&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-56-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo>&amp;#x2219;</mo></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-733" style="width: 0.647em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.499em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.639em, 1000.45em, 2.334em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-734"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-735" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">∙</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0.003em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.628em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>∙</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-56">\bullet</script> - \labelitemi&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textbf{ --} - \labelitemii&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-57-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo>&amp;#x2217;</mo></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-736" style="width: 0.647em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.499em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.639em, 1000.45em, 2.334em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-737"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-738" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">∗</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0.003em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.691em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>∗</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-57">\ast</script> - \labelitemiii&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px"><span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-58-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mo>&amp;#x22C5;</mo></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-739" style="width: 0.35em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.25em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.788em, 1000.15em, 2.185em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-740"><span class="mo" id="MathJax-Span-741" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">⋅</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: 0.191em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 0.253em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⋅</mo></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-58">\cdot</script> - \labelitemiv&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">你可重新定义&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\def{\labelitemi}{<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-59-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x2660;</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-742" style="width: 0.945em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.747em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1000.7em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-743"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-744" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">♠</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.247em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.191em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">♠</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-59">\spadesuit</script>}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{<span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-60-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi mathvariant=&quot;normal&quot;>&amp;#x2660;</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-745" style="width: 0.945em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.747em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1000.7em, 2.532em, -999.998em); top: -2.23em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-746"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-747" style="font-family: MathJax_Main;">♠</span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.235em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.247em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.191em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">♠</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-60">\spadesuit</script>}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">也可在itemize 环境中\item命令中同时拥有不同的标签&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">数字序列至多四级顺序可显示，如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">1,2 ... - \enumi&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">(a), (b) ... - \enumii&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">i,ii,... - \enumiii&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">A., B. ... - \enumiv&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">你也可指明选项，如&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">12。我怎样重新定义items之间的距离？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用miktex2.1中的mdwlist宏包，也可从CTAN的&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">macros/latex/contrib/supported/mdwtools.zip 上下载后。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">13。怎样改变行距？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用doublespace宏包，参数"coef"是\baselinestretch文本中定义数值，则可用命令&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">14。 怎么定义一个定理型环境？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用theorem宏包，例子：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\newtheorem{howto}{Questions}[section]&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\theoremstyle{change}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\theorembodyfont{\itshape}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\theoremheaderfont{\scshape}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">15。怎样在latex中包括一每列的源文件？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：例如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\floatstyle{boxed}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\restylefloat{figure}&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">16。怎样把附录A中的公式序号变为 A.1, A.2, .... B.1, B.2, ...的形式？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答： \appendix&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatletter&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand\theequation{A.\@arabic\c@equation }&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\makeatother&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\setcounter{equation}{0}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">或者 \renewcommand{\theequation}{A.\arabic{equation}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">17。怎样把一个 \vertatim 放入 verbatim环境中?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用fancyvrb宏包定义自己的 verbatim环境。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">18。怎样改变主文本中的字体？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：命令： \textnorml；申明： \normalfont\ttfamiliy&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">19。怎样定义一个命令或申明 ?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：例如一个命令： \newcommand{\name}{1]{\textsc{#1}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一个申明: \newcommand{\name}{1]{{\normalfont\scshape #1}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">20。怎样合并字体命令?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答： \textrm{...} {\rmfamily...} roman familiy&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textsf{...} {\sffamliy...} sans serif family&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\texttt{...} {\ttfamily...} typewritter family&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textmd{...} {\mdserier...} medium series&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textbf{...} {\bfseries...} bold series&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textup{...} {\upshape...} upright shape&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textit{...} {\itshape...} italic shape&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textsl{...} {\slshape...} slanted shape&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textsc{...} {\scshape...} small caps shape&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">size \tiny \scriptsize \footnotesize \small \normalsize \large&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\Large \LARGE \huge \Huge&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\emph{...} {\em ...} emphasized&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textnormal{...} {\normalfont...} document font&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">21。 怎样在页眉和页脚中划一道横线？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用 fancyhdr宏包。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">22。怎样改变章节字体（section fonts）？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用titlesec宏包，例如&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\usepackage[nops,sf,small,compact]{titlesec}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">23。怎样做一个页面设置？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答： \usepackage{fancyhdr}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\pagestyle{fancy}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fancyhead{} %clear all fields&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fancyhead[RO, LE]{\bfseries \LaTeXe{} HOWTO}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fancyfoot[LE, RO]{\thepage\ of \pageref{LastPage}}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fancyfoot[LO, CE]{}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\fancyfoot[CO, RE]{Techical Report}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">24。怎样实现"page M of N"的形式?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：用lastpage宏包，任何时候你都可在文本中用 \pageref{LastPage}，只是须注意当&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">用了fancyhdr宏包时，lastpage宏包就须在它后面。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">25。怎样实现下划线的标题？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\def\@evenhead{\makebox[0pt][l]{\rule[-0.15cm]{\textwidth}{0.1mm}}\hbox{}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textbf\thepage\hfil\leftmark}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\def\@oddhead{\makebox[0pt][l]{\rule[-0.15cm]{\textwidth}{0.1mm}}\hbox{}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">{\rightmark}\hfil\textbf\thepage}%&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">26。 怎样把一个浮动对象固定下来？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答：例如&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">30。把一幅 .eps 横向放置后，怎样使标题变为相应的形式？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">答： \usepackage{rotating}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">|TeX 常见问题3|&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">+-------------+&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">压缩空间&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">1。页面设置&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">a4 会给你一个较小的页面，为了使用更多的控制，可用 geometry宏包和命令 \layout&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">2。改变长度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">在latex里改变长度的命令是 \addtolength 和 \setlength。latex可认的是 cm, mm,&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">in 和 pt. 变量可设为负数。一个例子是 \addtolength{\parindent}{-5mm}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">一些有用的变量是：&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">页面设置&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\columnsep: 列间距&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\topmargin: 页眉到页边的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\topskip: 页眉与正文的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textheight: 正文的高度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textwidth: 文本的宽度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\oddsidemargin: 奇数页的左面页边距&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\evensidemargin : 偶数页的左面页边距&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">段落&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\parindent: 段落缩进距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\parskip: 段落间的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">浮动图表&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\floatsep: 浮动对象之间的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\textfloatsep: 最后一个浮动对象顶端或第一个浮动对象底端与正文之间的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\intextsep : 文中浮动顶端与底端所留的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\dbltextfloatsep 是在双列输出时用 \textfloatsep 的数值&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\dblfloatsep 是在双列输出时用 \floatsep 的数值&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\abovecaptionskip: 标题上方的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\belowcaptionskip: 标题下方的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">数学公式&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\abovedisplayskip: 公式前的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\belowdisplayskip: 公式后面的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\arraycolsep: 在一个array中列之间的空白长度&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">列表&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\topsep: 第一个item和前面版落间的距离&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\partopsep: 当在一个新页开始时加到 \topsep 的额外空间&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\itemsep: 连续items之间的距离。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">3。环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">宏包 atbeginend.sty 提供了 \BeforeBegin{environment}{code-to-execute},&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\AfterEnd 等等命令。这些命令可去掉环境外面和内部的空间。例如&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">\AfterBegin{itemize}{\addtolength{\itemsep}{-\baselineskip}} 就在环境内以重新&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">设置 \itemsep 来压缩items之间的距离 。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">mdwlist 宏包有一个 itemize* 环境； paralist 宏包提供了一个item之间距离压缩环境&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">和一个使每个item不在新的一段开始的 inparaenum 环境。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">4。图表&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">为了节约空间，可用 subfigure 宏包把多幅图形放在一人图形环境中，也可用&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">floatflt 宏包把图形用文本包围起来。&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">当有图表时， LaTeX 缺省值不会在超过 70% 的页中加文本。这个可有&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">问题：LaTeX中如何使公式编号具有(1.2)这种格式?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">回答：It is default style in book. In article style,&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; use the following command&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \documentclass{article}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \usepackage{amsmath}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \numberwithin{equation}{section}&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p>
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<br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">问题：tex中花体字母N怎么输入？&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">回答：不是花体字母N, 是标准的 <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-61-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mi>N</mi></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-748" style="width: 1.143em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.895em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.342em, 1000.89em, 2.334em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-749"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-750" style="font-family: MathJax_Math-italic;">N<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.102em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.059em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.003em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>N</mi></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-61">N</script>. 要用花体的话, <span class="MathJax_Preview" style="color: inherit;"></span><span class="MathJax" id="MathJax-Element-62-Frame" tabindex="0" data-mathml="<math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;><mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;><mi class=&quot;MJX-tex-caligraphic&quot; mathvariant=&quot;script&quot;>N</mi></mrow></math>" role="presentation" style="position: relative;"><nobr aria-hidden="true"><span class="math" id="MathJax-Span-751" style="width: 1.292em; display: inline-block;"><span style="display: inline-block; position: relative; width: 0.995em; height: 0px; font-size: 126%;"><span style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1.243em, 1001em, 2.383em, -999.998em); top: -2.18em; left: 0em;"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-752"><span class="texatom" id="MathJax-Span-753"><span class="mrow" id="MathJax-Span-754"><span class="mi" id="MathJax-Span-755" style="font-family: MathJax_Caligraphic;">N<span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; height: 1px; width: 0.151em;"></span></span></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; width: 0px; height: 2.185em;"></span></span></span><span style="display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: -0.122em; border-left: 0px solid; width: 0px; height: 1.191em;"></span></span></nobr><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mi class="MJX-tex-caligraphic" mathvariant="script">N</mi></mrow></math></span></span><script type="math/tex" id="MathJax-Element-62">\mathcal {N}</script>&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">问题：在LaTeX中怎样生成双线的方括号？哪儿有stmaryrd&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">回答：<a target="_blank">ftp://159.226.47.19/pub/TeX/Package/latex/contrib/other/misc/</a></span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">问题：请问如何把word文档转换成latex的格式?&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">回答：用mathtype4.0, 双击公式可打开公式编辑器，&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 设定菜单Preferences-&gt;Translaters&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Translate to another launguage:&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 选latex2.09 and later&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; uncheck 'include translater name' and 'include mathtype data'&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 选中整个公式，^c, 到notepad里面^V就行了&nbsp;</span><br><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 我现在就这么干的。 不过熟悉之后，直接敲tex公式也不慢。</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">from: &nbsp;http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:MATH</span></p>
<p><span style="font-size: 16px">http://blog.csdn.net/anxiaoxi45/article/details/39449445</span></p>
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